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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners.
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FoxP2 expression in avian vocal learners and non-learners.

机译：FoxP2在鸟类声乐学习者和非学习者中的表达。

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摘要

Most vertebrates communicate acoustically, but few, among them humans, dolphins and whales, bats, and three orders of birds, learn this trait. FOXP2 is the first gene linked to human speech and has been the target of positive selection during recent primate evolution. To test whether the expression pattern of FOXP2 is consistent with a role in learned vocal communication, we cloned zebra finch FoxP2 and its close relative FoxP1 and compared mRNA and protein distribution in developing and adult brains of a variety of avian vocal learners and non-learners, and a crocodile. We found that the protein sequence of zebra finch FoxP2 is 98% identical with mouse and human FOXP2. In the avian and crocodilian forebrain, FoxP2 was expressed predominantly in the striatum, a basal ganglia brain region affected in patients with FOXP2 mutations. Strikingly, in zebra finches, the striatal nucleus Area X, necessary for vocal learning, expressed more FoxP2 than the surrounding tissue at post-hatch days 35 and 50, when vocal learning occurs. In adult canaries, FoxP2 expression in Area X differed seasonally; more FoxP2 expression was associated with times when song becomes unstable. In adult chickadees, strawberry finches, song sparrows, and Bengalese finches, Area X expressed FoxP2 to different degrees. Non-telencephalic regions in both vocal learning and non-learning birds, and in crocodiles, were less variable in expression and comparable with regions that express FOXP2 in human and rodent brains. We conclude that differential expression of FoxP2 in avian vocal learners might be associated with vocal plasticity.
机译：大多数脊椎动物通过声音进行交流，但是很少有人（人类，海豚和鲸鱼，蝙蝠和三只鸟类）能学习这种特征。 FOXP2是第一个与人类语音相关的基因，并已成为最近灵长类动物进化过程中积极选择的目标。为了测试FOXP2的表达模式是否与在学习的人声交流中的作用相一致，我们克隆了斑马雀FoxP2及其近亲FoxP1，并比较了各种鸟类声乐学习者和非学习者的发育和成年大脑中的mRNA和蛋白质分布和一条鳄鱼。我们发现斑马雀科FoxP2的蛋白质序列与小鼠和人类FOXP2的同源性为98％。在禽和鳄鱼前脑中，FoxP2主要在纹状体中表达，纹状体是受FOXP2突变患者影响的基底神经节脑区域。引人注目的是，在斑马雀科中，进行声乐学习时，纹状体核区域X（在进行声乐学习的第35天和第50天）表达的FoxP2比周围组织多。在成年金丝雀中，X区的FoxP2表达随季节变化。更多的FoxP2表达与歌曲变得不稳定有关的时间有关。在成年的山雀，草莓雀，歌雀和孟加拉雀中，X区域以不同程度表达了FoxP2。声音学习者和非学习者鸟以及鳄鱼中的非脑区域的表达差异较小，与在人和啮齿动物脑中表达FOXP2的区域相当。我们得出结论，在禽声乐学习者中FoxP2的差异表达可能与声乐可塑性有关。

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