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首页> 外文期刊>The New Phytologist >Mitochondria are an early target of oxidative modifications in senescing legume nodules
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Mitochondria are an early target of oxidative modifications in senescing legume nodules

机译：线粒体是衰老的豆类结节中氧化修饰的早期目标

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摘要

Legume nodule senescence is a poorly understood process involving a decrease in fixation and an increase in proteolytic activity. Some physiological changes during nodule aging have been reported, but scarce information is available at the subcellularlevel. Biochemical, immunological and proteomic approaches were used to provide insight into the effects of aging on the mitochondria and cytosol of nodule host cells. In the mitochondria, the oxidative modification of lipids and proteins was associatedwith a marked decline in glutathione, a reduced capacity to regenerate ascorbate, and upregulation of alternative oxidase and manganese superoxide dismutase. In the cytosol, there were consistent reductions in the protein concentrations of carbon metabolism enzymes, inhibition of protein synthesis and increase in serine proteinase activity, disorganization of cytoskeleton, and a sharp reduction of cytosolic proteins, but no detectable accumulation of oxidized molecules. We conclude that nodule mitochondria are an early target of oxidative modifications and a likely source of redox signals. Alternative oxidase and manganese superoxide dismutase may play important roles in controlling ROS concentrations and the redox state of mitochondria. The finding that specific methionine residues of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoform are sulfoxidized suggests a regulatory role of this enzyme in senescing nodules.
机译：豆类结节衰老是一个鲜为人知的过程，涉及固定的减少和蛋白水解活性的增加。据报道，结节衰老过程中会发生一些生理变化，但是在亚细胞水平上却缺乏信息。生化，免疫学和蛋白质组学方法用于深入了解衰老对结节宿主细胞线粒体和细胞质的影响。在线粒体中，脂质和蛋白质的氧化修饰与谷胱甘肽的显着下降，抗坏血酸再生的能力降低以及其他氧化酶和锰超氧化物歧化酶的上调有关。在细胞质中，碳代谢酶的蛋白质浓度持续降低，蛋白质合成受到抑制，丝氨酸蛋白酶活性增加，细胞骨架紊乱，胞浆蛋白质急剧减少，但未检测到氧化分子的积累。我们得出结论，结节线粒体是氧化修饰的早期目标，并且可能是氧化还原信号的来源。替代氧化酶和锰超氧化物歧化酶可能在控制ROS浓度和线粒体的氧化还原状态中起重要作用。胞质谷氨酰胺合成酶同工型的特定蛋氨酸残基被硫氧化的发现表明该酶在致敏结节中起调节作用。

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