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首页> 外文期刊>The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology, B. Comparative and physiological psychology >Learning about cues that prevent an outcome: Conditioned inhibition and differential inhibition in human predictive learning
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Learning about cues that prevent an outcome: Conditioned inhibition and differential inhibition in human predictive learning

机译：了解阻止结果的线索：人类预测性学习中的条件抑制和差异抑制

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摘要

Summation tests were used to assess whether participants in a human predictive judgement task learned that some cues (foods) prevented the occurrence of the outcome (migraine). In three experiments the preventative effect of a conditioned inhibitor, I, trained in the design, P+, PI-, I-, was stronger than that of a negative control cue, N, that had been presented alone with the same frequency and simply predicted no outcome. This control cue, N, also passed the summation test when compared to a novel control cue. Experiments 2 and 3 examined whether the latter negative control effect was attributable to differential inhibition. Manipulations designed to alter context learning and the magnitude of the negative contingency did not affect the properties of the negative control cue. Thus, these experiments did not support the possibility that a cue given simple negative training acquires differential inhibition. Regardless of the mechanism underlying the negative control effect, the consistent finding that the conditioned inhibition cue, I, reduced prediction of the outcome more than did the negative control cue, N, provides evidence for true conditioned inhibition whose acquisition requires co-occurrence of the preventative cue with a positive training cue.
机译：汇总测试用于评估人类预测性判断任务的参与者是否了解某些线索（食物）阻止了结局（偏头痛）的发生。在三个实验中，经过设计训练的条件抑制剂I（P +，PI-，I-）的预防效果要强于单独以相同频率出现并简单预测的阴性对照提示N的预防效果。没有结果。与新型控制提示相比，此控制提示N也通过了加总测试。实验2和3检查了后者的阴性对照作用是否可归因于差异抑制。旨在改变情境学习和否定偶然性幅度的操作不会影响否定对照提示的属性。因此，这些实验不支持给定简单消极训练提示获得差异抑制的可能性。不管负控制作用的潜在机制如何，一致的发现表明，条件抑制信号I比负控制信号N降低了对结果的预测，这为真正的条件抑制提供了证据，其获取需要同时存在。预防提示与积极的训练提示。

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