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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Fractal landscape method: an alternative approach to measuring area-restricted searching behavior
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Fractal landscape method: an alternative approach to measuring area-restricted searching behavior

机译：分形景观方法：一种测量区域受限搜索行为的替代方法

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摘要

Quantifying spatial and temporal patterns of prey searching is of primary importance for understanding animals' critical habitat and foraging specialization. In patchy environments, animals forage by exhibiting movement patterns consisting of area-restricted searching (ARS) at various scales. Here, we present a new method, the fractal landscape method, which describes the peaks and valleys of fractal dimension along the animal path. We describe and test the method on simulated tracks, and quantify the effect of track inaccuracies. We show that the ARS zones correspond to the peaks from this fractal landscape and that the method is near error-free when analyzing high-resolution tracks, such as those obtained using the Global Positioning System (GPS). When we used tracks of lower resolution, such as those obtained with the Argos system, 9.6-16.3% of ARS were not identified, and 1-25% of the ARS were found erroneously. The later type of error can be partially flagged and corrected. In addition, track inaccuracies erroneously increased the measured ARS size by a factor of 1.2 to 2.2. Regardless, the majority of the times and locations were correctly flagged as being in or out of ARS (from 83.8 to 89.5% depending on track quality). The method provides a significant new tool for studies of animals' foraging behavior and habitat selection, because it provides a method to precisely quantify each ARS separately, which is not possible with existing methods.
机译：量化猎物搜寻的时空格局对于了解动物的关键栖息地和觅食专业化至关重要。在斑驳的环境中，动物通过表现出各种规模的区域限制搜索（ARS）组成的运动模式来觅食。在这里，我们提出了一种新的方法，即分形景观方法，该方法描述了沿动物路径的分形维数的峰和谷。我们在模拟轨道上描述和测试该方法，并量化轨道误差的影响。我们显示，ARS区域对应于此分形景观中的峰，并且在分析高分辨率轨道（例如使用全球定位系统（GPS）获得的高分辨率轨道）时，该方法几乎没有错误。当我们使用较低分辨率的音轨（例如通过Argos系统获得的音轨）时，未识别出9.6-16.3％的ARS，而错误地发现了1-25％的ARS。可以部分标记和更正后面的错误类型。此外，磁道错误会错误地将测得的ARS大小增加1.2到2.2倍。无论如何，大多数时间和位置都正确地标记为进入或离开ARS（取决于轨道质量，从83.8到89.5％）。该方法为研究动物的觅食行为和栖息地选择提供了重要的新工具，因为它提供了一种精确地分别量化每个ARS的方法，而现有方法是不可能的。

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