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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Experimental Biology >Directional sound sensitivity in utricular afferents in the toadfish Opsanus tau
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Directional sound sensitivity in utricular afferents in the toadfish Opsanus tau

机译：蟾蜍鱼乌头的入室入路的定向声音敏感性

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摘要

The inner ear of fishes contains three paired otolithic end organs, the saccule, lagena and utricle, which function as biological accelerometers. The saccule is the largest otolith in most fishes and much of our current understanding on auditory function in this diverse group of vertebrates is derived from anatomical and neurophysiological studies on this end organ. In contrast, less is known about how the utricle contributes to auditory functions. In this study, chronically implanted electrodes were used, along with neural telemetry or tethers to record primary afferent responses from the utricular nerve in free-ranging and naturally behaving oyster toadfish Opsanus tau Linnaeus. The hypothesis was that the utricle plays a role in detecting underwater sounds, including conspecific vocalizations, and exhibits directional sensitivity. Utricular afferents responded best to low frequency (80-200 Hz) pure tones and to playbacks of conspecific boatwhistles and grunts (80-180 Hz fundamental frequency), with the majority of the units (similar to 75%) displaying a clear, directional response, which may allow the utricle to contribute to sound detection and localization during social interactions. Responses were well within the sound intensity levels of toadfish vocalization (approximately 140 SPL dBrms re. 1 mu Pa with fibers sensitive to thresholds of approximately 120 SPL dBrms re. 1 mu Pa). Neurons were also stimulated by self-generated body movements such as opercular movements and swimming. This study is the first to investigate underwater sound-evoked response properties of primary afferents from the utricle of an unrestrained/unanesthetized free-swimming teleost fish. These data provide experimental evidence that the utricle has an auditory function, and can contribute to directional hearing to facilitate sound localization.
机译：鱼类的内耳包含三对成对的耳石端器官，即球囊，羊鞭毛和囊，它们起着生物加速度计的作用。囊泡是大多数鱼类中最大的耳石，而我们目前对这种多样化的脊椎动物群中听觉功能的大部分了解都来自对该端器官的解剖学和神经生理学研究。相比之下，关于尿囊如何促进听觉功能的了解较少。在这项研究中，使用了长期植入的电极，以及神经遥测仪或系绳，以记录在自由放养和自然活动的牡蛎蟾蜍鱼Ossanus tau Linnaeus中来自耳神经的主要传入反应。假设是，尿囊在检测水下声音（包括特定的发声）中起作用，并表现出方向敏感性。低频传入对低频（80-200 Hz）纯音以及特定的船笛和咕gr声（80-180 Hz基本频率）的播放响应最佳，大多数单元（大约75％）显示出清晰的定向响应，这可能会使尿囊在社交互动过程中有助于声音的检测和定位。响应良好，达到了蟾蜍发声的声音强度水平（大约140 SPL dBrms re。1 mu Pa，纤维敏感于大约120 SPL dBrms re。1 mu Pa的阈值）。神经元也受到自身产生的身体动作（如眼部动作和游泳）的刺激。这项研究是第一个研究来自不受约束/未麻醉的自由游动硬骨鱼的囊壁初级传入生物的水下声诱发反应特性。这些数据提供了实验证据，表明子宫具有听觉功能，并且可以有助于定向听觉，从而促进声音的定位。

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