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HOW WILL WE REMEMBER 2008?

机译:我们将如何纪念2008年?

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In most areas of human endeavor, long periods with little progress end suddenly when a breakthrough or a discovery leads to some sweeping change. Later historians look back and put a label on these eras. The Stone Age (which started about 3 million years ago) was swept aside when it was discovered that copper and tin could be heated and combined to create a workable, castable metal. Suddenly stone tools were out, bronze tools were in. The Bronze Age started to collapse around 1300 B.C. after iron tools were invented. Likewise the development of stable, oceangoing ships in Portugal and Spain- and probably a fading belief that they wouldn't fall off the edge of the world- emboldened European explorers to venture away from coastlines and ushered in the Age of Exploration. It started with the discovery of the Madeira Islands in 1419, followed by the Azores (1427), North America (1492), and South America (1500), and wound down when Europeans first sighted New Zealand (1642).
机译:在人类的大多数工作领域中,突破或发现导致一些彻底的变化时,长期的,几乎没有进展的阶段突然结束。后来的历史学家回首并在这些时代打上了标签。石器时代(大约三百万年前开始)被发现可以将铜和锡加热并结合起来制成一种可行的可铸金属而被抛弃。突然,石材工具消失了,铜器出现了。青铜时代在公元前1300年左右开始崩溃。铁工具发明之后。同样,在葡萄牙和西班牙发展稳定的远洋轮船(也许是一种逐渐衰落的信念,即它们不会掉下世界的边缘),使欧洲探险家大胆地冒险远离海岸线,迎来了探索时代。首先是在1419年发现马德拉群岛,然后是亚速尔群岛(1427),北美(1492)和南美(1500),后来在欧洲人第一次看到新西兰(1642)时就被发现。

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