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首页> 外文期刊>Theoretical Ecology >Coevolution-driven predator-prey cycles: predicting the characteristics of eco-coevolutionary cycles using fast-slow dynamical systems theory
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Coevolution-driven predator-prey cycles: predicting the characteristics of eco-coevolutionary cycles using fast-slow dynamical systems theory

机译：协同进化驱动的捕食者-捕食循环：使用快慢动力学系统理论预测生态协同循环的特征

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Eco-coevolutionary theory predicts that predator-prey coevolution occurring on the time scale of ecological dynamics (e.g., changes in population abundances) can drive novel kinds of predator-prey cycles, e.g., cryptic cycles where one species cycles while the other remains effectively constant and clockwise cycles where peaks in predator density precede peaks in prey density. However, because this body of theory has focused on particular models and studied the different cycle types in isolation, it is unclear what biological characteristics (e.g., costs for offense or defense) determine when a particular cycle type will arise. In this study, I explore the kinds of predator-prey cycles that arise in a general eco-coevolutionary model where there is disruptive selection and the coevolutionary dynamics are fast relative to the ecological dynamics of the system. With a graphical tool created using the theory of fast-slow dynamical systems, I predict what kinds of cycles can arise in the model and how cycle type depends on the costs for prey defense and predator offense. Fast-slow dynamical systems theory requires a separation of time scales between the ecological and evolutionary processes; however, numerical simulations show that this tool can help predict how coevolution drives populations cycles in systems where the speeds of ecological and evolutionary dynamics are comparable. Thus, this work is a step forward in building a general eco-coevolutionary theory.
机译：生态进化理论预测，在生态动力学的时间尺度上发生的捕食者－猎物共进化（例如，种群数量的变化）可以驱动新型的捕食者－猎物循环，例如，一个物种循环而另一种保持有效恒定的隐蔽循环。以及顺时针循环，其中捕食者密度的峰值先于猎物密度的峰值。但是，由于该理论体系专注于特定的模型并单独研究了不同的周期类型，因此尚不清楚什么生物学特征（例如，进攻或防御的成本）决定了何时会出现特定的周期类型。在这项研究中，我探索了在具有破坏性选择且共同进化动力学相对于系统生态动力学而言较快的一般生态共同进化模型中出现的捕食者－被捕食循环的种类。借助使用快慢动力系统理论创建的图形工具，我可以预测模型中会出现哪些周期，以及周期类型如何取决于猎物防御和掠夺者进攻的成本。快慢动力学系统理论要求在生态和进化过程之间划分时间尺度。但是，数值模拟表明，该工具可以帮助预测协同进化如何在生态和进化动力学的速度可比的系统中驱动种群循环。因此，这项工作是在建立通用的生态进化理论方面迈出的一步。

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