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Control of reproductive processes by growth hormone: extra- and intracellular mechanisms

机译:生长激素控制生殖过程:细胞外和细胞内机制

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摘要

Recent data on the association between growth hormone (GH) and male and female reproductive processes, as well as the effects of GH on these processes and on some reproductive and non-reproductive disorders, and possible extra- and intracellular mediators of its action are reviewed. The available data suggest that GH is an important endocrine and autocrine/paracrine regulator of reproduction. It controls proliferation, apoptosis, growth and differentiation and the secretory and generative activities of different reproductive organs. It also regulates their response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropins. Despite the effects of GH on the IGF/IGFBP (insulin-like growth factor binding protein) system, oxytocin, steroids, activin, gonadotropin and gonadotropin receptors, the majority of GH's actions on the reproductive processes are probably mediated not by these substances but by specific GH receptors acting through cAMP/protein kinase A, protein kinase G, tyrosine kinase-, MAP kinase and CDC2 kinase-dependent intracellular mechanisms. Although GH treatments can increase the risk of some reproductive and non-reproductive disorders, they may be useful in improving gonadal function, inducing superovulation and in embryo production.
机译:回顾了有关生长激素(GH)与男性和女性生殖过程之间的关联的最新数据,以及GH对这些过程以及某些生殖和非生殖疾病的影响以及其作用的可能的细胞外和细胞内介体。现有数据表明,GH是重要的内分泌和自分泌/旁分泌调节生殖器。它控制着不同生殖器官的增殖,凋亡,生长和分化以及分泌和生殖活动。它还调节它们对促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)和促性腺激素的反应。尽管GH对IGF / IGFBP(胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白)系统,催产素,类固醇,激活素,促性腺激素和促性腺激素受体有影响,但大多数GH对生殖过程的作用可能不是由这些物质介导的,而是由通过cAMP /蛋白激酶A,蛋白激酶G,酪氨酸激酶,MAP激酶和CDC2激酶依赖性细胞内机制起作用的特定GH受体。尽管生长激素治疗可增加某些生殖和非生殖疾病的风险,但它们可能有助于改善性腺功能,诱导超排卵和胚胎生产。

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