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Cournot equilibrium model for electricity markets with interruptible load program and wind power

机译：具有可中断负荷程序和风力的电力市场的古诺均衡模型

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摘要

High wind power penetration presents many challenges to the flexibility and reliability of power system operation. In this environment, various demand response (DR) programs have received much attention. As an effective measure of DR programs, interruptible load (IL) programs have been widely used around the world. This paper addresses the concern of how the IL program impacts the equilibrium outcomes of electricity markets with wind power. First, a market demand model is developed to take consideration of the IL program. Next, a Cournot equilibrium model for electricity markets with an IL program and wind power is presented. The introduction of the IL program leads to a non-smooth equilibrium problem. To solve this equilibrium problem, a novel solution method is proposed. Finally, considering that wind power penetration will increase the risks faced by the conventional generators, the conditional value at risk is employed to measure the risk, so that the impact of the IL program on the generators' risk can also be examined. Numerical examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the method. It is shown that the IL program can lower market price and its volatility significantly. In addition, the IL program can help generators reduce their risks in the market, especially when the uncertainty in wind power output is relatively large.
机译：高风力渗透率给电力系统运行的灵活性和可靠性提出了许多挑战。在这种环境下，各种需求响应（DR）程序已受到广泛关注。作为DR程序的有效措施，可中断加载（IL）程序已在世界范围内广泛使用。本文解决了有关IL计划如何影响风力发电对电力市场均衡结果的担忧。首先，开发市场需求模型以考虑IL程序。接下来，提出了具有IL程序和风能的电力市场的古诺均衡模型。 IL程序的引入导致了非平滑的平衡问题。为了解决这一平衡问题，提出了一种新颖的求解方法。最后，考虑到风能的渗透会增加传统发电机所面临的风险，因此采用风险条件值来衡量风险，从而也可以检查IL程序对发电机风险的影响。数值算例验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明，IL程序可以显着降低市场价格及其波动性。此外，IL计划还可以帮助发电机降低市场风险，尤其是当风能输出的不确定性相对较大时。

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