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首页> 外文期刊>Traffic Injury Prevention >Meta-Analysis of On-the-Road Experimental Studies of Hypnotics: Effects of Time After Intake, Dose, and Half-Life
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Meta-Analysis of On-the-Road Experimental Studies of Hypnotics: Effects of Time After Intake, Dose, and Half-Life

机译：催眠药道路实验研究的荟萃分析：服用时间，剂量和半衰期后的影响

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Background: The use of hypnotics is prevalent in the general population. Though these drugs have been shown to be effective, their residual effects may cause significant impairment to the user's driving ability. The objective of this meta-analysis is to determine whether there is a residual effect on driving and better evaluate the safety of hypnotics. Method: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled studies were selected that employed a commonly used and valid driving measure to determine the user's driving ability the day after drug administration. The primary outcome measure for the driving task in all included studies was the Standard Deviation of Lateral Position (SDLP). Fixed effects model meta-analyses were performed. Results: Fourteen studies, published from 1984 to 2013 (295 subjects), were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, significant impairment was found when morning testing (i.e., 10-11 h after initiating sleep) was compared to afternoon testing (i.e., 16-17 h after initiating sleep; P = .0001). Twice the standard dose also showed significant impairment (P = .0001) relative to the standard dose. The time of the test, morning versus afternoon, also had an impact on individual drugs. Middle of the night administration (MOTN) of zolpidem and zopiclone caused significant impairment the following morning, though no such impairment was seen with zaleplon. Finally, half-life was also assessed (short: <6 h, intermediate: 6-12 h, long: >12 h) and both intermediate- and long-acting drugs caused significant impairment the morning after bedtime administration, whereas short acting hypnotics did not. Conclusions: These analyses indicate that the half-life, dose of the hypnotic, as well as time between treatment and driving, as measured by SDLP, all significantly impact the ability to drive a car after taking hypnotic drugs.
机译：背景：催眠药在普通人群中很普遍。尽管已经证明这些药物是有效的，但是它们的残留作用可能会严重损害使用者的驾驶能力。这项荟萃分析的目的是确定对驾驶是否有残留影响，并更好地评估催眠药的安全性。方法：选择随机双盲安慰剂对照研究，该研究采用常用且有效的驾驶方法来确定用户在给药后第二天的驾驶能力。在所有纳入的研究中，驾驶任务的主要结局指标是横向位置标准偏差（SDLP）。进行了固定效应模型的荟萃分析。结果：这项荟萃分析包括1984年至2013年发表的14项研究（295名受试者）。总体而言，将上午测试（即开始睡眠后的10-11小时）与下午测试（即开始睡眠后的16-17小时）进行比较时，发现了明显的损伤。相对于标准剂量，两次标准剂量也显示出明显的损伤（P = .0001）。测试时间，早上和下午，也对个别药物有影响。唑吡坦和佐匹克隆的深夜给药（MOTN）在第二天早晨引起了明显的损害，尽管扎来普隆未见这种损害。最后，还评估了半衰期（短：<6小时，中：6-12小时，长：> 12小时），中效和长效药物均在就寝时间早晨造成严重损害，而短效催眠药没有。结论：这些分析表明，通过SDLP测得的催眠药的半衰期，剂量以及治疗与驾驶之间的时间，均会严重影响服用催眠药后驾车的能力。

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