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Strategically Locating Wildlife Crossing Structures for Florida Panthers Using Maximal Covering Approaches

机译：使用最大覆盖方法从战略上定位佛罗里达豹的野生动物穿越结构

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摘要

Crossing structures are an effective method for mitigating habitat fragmentation and reducing wildlifevehicle collisions, although high construction costs limit the number that can be implemented in practice. Therefore, optimizing the placement of crossing structures in road networks is suggested as a strategic conservation planning method. This research explores two approaches for using the maximal covering location problem (MCLP) to determine optimal sites to install new wildlife crossing structures. The first approach is based on records of traffic mortality, while the second uses animal tracking data for the species of interest. The objective of the first is to cover the maximum number of collision sites, given a specified number of proposed structures to build, while the second covers as many animal tracking locations as possible under a similar scenario. These two approaches were used to locate potential wildlife crossing structures for endangered Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) in Collier, Lee, and Hendry Counties, Florida, a population whose survival is threatened by excessive traffic mortality. Historical traffic mortality records and an extensive radio-tracking dataset were used in the analyses. Although the two approaches largely select different sites for crossing structures, both models highlight key locations in the landscape where these structures can remedy traffic mortality and habitat fragmentation. These applications demonstrate how the MCLP can serve as a useful conservation planning tool when traffic mortality or animal tracking data are available to researchers.
机译：尽管高昂的建造成本限制了可在实践中实施的数量，但穿越结构是减轻栖息地破碎化和减少野生动植物碰撞的有效方法。因此，建议将交叉路口结构在道路网中的布置优化作为一种​​策略性的保护规划方法。这项研究探索了两种使用最大覆盖位置问题（MCLP）来确定安装新的野生动物穿越结构的最佳地点的方法。第一种方法基于交通死亡率的记录，而第二种方法则将动物追踪数据用于目标物种。第一个目标是在给定数量的拟建结构待建的情况下，覆盖最大数量的碰撞地点，而第二个目标则是在类似情况下尽可能多地跟踪动物。这两种方法被用来为濒临灭绝的佛罗里达州黑豹（Lee Collier）和佛罗里达州亨德利县（Hendry Counties）的潜在美洲豹定位潜在的野生动物穿越结构，该种群的生存受到过高的交通死亡率的威胁。在分析中使用了历史交通死亡率记录和广泛的无线电跟踪数据集。尽管这两种方法在很大程度上为交叉结构选择了不同的地点，但两种模型都突出显示了景观中的关键位置，这些结构可以补救交通死亡率和生境破碎化。这些应用证明了当研究人员可以获得交通死亡率或动物跟踪数据时，MCLP如何可以用作有用的保护规划工具。

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