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An Automated GIS Procedure for Delineating River and Lake Boundaries

机译：划定河流和湖泊边界的自动化GIS程序

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摘要

Digitization of river and lake boundaries is an essential task in several hydrologic studies, which, in most cases, is performed manually by using aerial photographs. This paper presents an automatic geographic information system (GIS) procedure for delineating river and lake boundaries using aerial photographs. The GIS procedure is based on supervised classification of aerial photographs by using the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) for creating training areas. Four study areas – Lake Palestine in Texas, Brazos River in Texas, Neuse River in North Carolina, and Snake River in Idaho – are used to demonstrate the approach. The results from the automatic boundary delineation process are evaluated by comparing them to manually digitized boundaries. The boundaries delineated by the automatic procedure matched the manually digitized boundaries with an overall difference of less than five percent in terms of area measurement. Besides saving about 85 percent of manual labor, the GIS procedure provides a consistent way of delineating water bodies, and provides estimation of river channel widths, which, in conjunction with existing NHD data, can be used to estimate average flow depths. Supplementing the regional scale NHD data with local scale attributes such as channel width and depth may lead to increased use of NHD in local scale studies.
机译：在许多水文学研究中，河流和湖泊边界的数字化是一项必不可少的任务，在大多数情况下，这是通过使用航拍照片手动完成的。本文提出了一种自动航空信息系统（GIS）程序，用于使用航拍照片划定河流和湖泊的边界。 GIS程序基于对航空照片的监督分类，方法是使用国家水文数据集（NHD）创建训练区域。四个研究区域-德克萨斯州的巴勒斯坦湖，德克萨斯州的布拉索斯河，北卡罗来纳州的Neuse河和爱达荷州的斯纳克河-进行了演示。通过将自动边界描绘过程的结果与手动数字化边界进行比较来评估结果。由自动程序划定的边界与手动数字化的边界相匹配，在面积测量方面的总差异小于5％。 GIS程序除了可以节省约85％的体力劳动外，还提供了一种一致的方法来描绘水体，并提供了对河道宽度的估算，结合现有的NHD数据，可以估算平均水深。用诸如通道宽度和深度之类的局部尺度属性补充区域尺度NHD数据可能会导致在局部尺度研究中NHD的使用增加。

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