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Advances in therapeutic CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing

机译:治疗性CRISPR / Cas9基因组编辑的进展

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摘要

Targeted nucleases are widely used as tools for genome editing. Two years ago the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 nuclease was used for the first time, and since then has largely revolutionized the field. The tremendous success of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool is powered by the ease design principle of the guide RNA that targets Cas9 to the desired DNA locus, and by the high specificity and efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-generated DNA breaks. Several studies recently used CRISPR/Cas9 to successfully modulate disease-causing alleles in vivo in animal models and ex vivo in somatic and induced pluripotent stem cells, raising hope for therapeutic genome editing in the clinics. In this review, we will summarize and discuss such preclinical CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy reports.
机译:靶向核酸酶被广泛用作基因组编辑的工具。两年前,首次使用了簇状的规则间隔的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)相关的Cas9核酸酶,从那时起,该领域发生了巨大的变化。 CRISPR / Cas9基因组编辑工具的巨大成功得益于将RNA靶向Cas9到所需DNA基因座的引导RNA的简便设计原理,以及CRISPR / Cas9产生的DNA断裂的高特异性和高效率。最近有几项研究使用CRISPR / Cas9在动物模型中体内和在体细胞和诱导性多能干细胞中离体成功地调节了致病等位基因,为临床上治疗性基因组编辑带来了希望。在这篇综述中,我们将总结和讨论此类临床前CRISPR / Cas9基因治疗报告。

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