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首页> 外文期刊>Transfusion: The Journal of the American Association of Blood Banks >Current incidence and estimated residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections in donations made to Canadian Blood Services.
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Current incidence and estimated residual risk of transfusion-transmitted infections in donations made to Canadian Blood Services.

机译：向加拿大血液服务公司捐赠的输血传播感染的当前发生率和估计的残留风险。

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摘要

BACKGROUND: New testing methods such as nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) and chemiluminescent serologic assays have been introduced, more precise estimates for infectious window periods are available, and a new method for estimating the residual risk (RR) of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) has been developed. Thus, available RR estimates for Canada need to be updated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Incidence rates for known TTI markers were determined for all allogeneic whole-blood donations made to Canadian Blood Services between 2001 and 2005; they were derived from NAT conversions or seroconversions of repeat donors with at least two donations in a 3-year period. RR estimates for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and hepatitis C virus (HCV) derived from the classical incidence/window-period model were compared to those obtained by the new method that estimates incidence from NAT-positive, antibody-negative donations (NAT-yield cases) from all donors divided by person-years. RESULTS: With the classical method, the RR of HIV (1 per 7.8 million donations) and HCV (1 per 2.3 million) were low; HBV RR was higher (1 per 153,000). HCV RR was significantly lower when estimated with the new method (1 per 13 million). Eleven HCV NAT-yield cases were predicted by applying the classical method to our seroconversion data but only 2 were observed (p = 0.011). Observed HIV-1 NAT-yield cases (n = 1) matched those predicted (n = 0.7). CONCLUSION: New tests have reduced an already low risk of TTI in Canada. HCV RR estimates by two different methods differed but both were low.
机译：背景技术：引入了新的测试方法，例如核酸扩增测试（NAT）和化学发光血清学检测，可获得更准确的传染病窗口期估计，以及估计输血传播感染残留风险（RR）的新方法（ TTIs）已经开发。因此，需要更新加拿大的可用RR估算。研究设计和方法：确定2001年至2005年间向加拿大血液服务局进行的所有同种异体全血捐赠的已知TTI标记物的发生率;它们来自重复捐赠者的NAT转换或血清转换，并在3年​​内至少进行了两次捐赠。将经典发病率/窗期模型得出的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）-1和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的RR估算值与通过新方法估算的NAT阳性，抗体阴性捐赠的发生率进行比较（所有捐助者的NAT产量案例）除以人年。结果：采用经典方法，HIV（每780万捐赠中的1）和HCV（每230万捐赠中的1）的RR低。 HBV RR较高（每153,000个中的1个）。用新方法估算时，HCV RR显着降低（每1300万中有1个）。通过将经典方法应用于我们的血清转化数据，可以预测11例HCV NAT减毒病例，但仅观察到2例（p = 0.011）。观察到的HIV-1 NAT产量病例（n = 1）与预测的病例（n = 0.7）匹配。结论：新的测试降低了加拿大原本较低的TTI风险。通过两种不同的方法对HCV的RR估算有所不同，但均较低。

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