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首页> 外文期刊>Transfusion: The Journal of the American Association of Blood Banks >Experience of German Red Cross blood donor services with nucleic acid testing: results of screening more than 30 million blood donations for human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus.
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Experience of German Red Cross blood donor services with nucleic acid testing: results of screening more than 30 million blood donations for human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus.

机译：德国红十字会献血者提供核酸检测服务的经验：筛查了超过3000万献血者的人类免疫缺陷病毒1型，丙型肝炎病毒和乙型肝炎病毒。

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BACKGROUND: The risk of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections is predominantly attributable to donations given during the early stage of infection when diagnostic tests may fail. In 1997, nucleic acid amplification technique (NAT)-testing was introduced at the German Red Cross (GRC) blood donor services to reduce this diagnostic window period (WP). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 31,524,571 blood donations collected from 1997 through 2005 were screened by minipool NAT, predominantly with pool sizes of 96 donations. These donations cover approximately 80 percent of all the blood collected in Germany during that period. Based on these data, the WP risk in the GRC blood donor population was estimated by using a state-of-the-art mathematic model. RESULTS: During the observation period, 23 HCV, 7 HIV-1, and 43 HBV NAT-only-positive donations were detected. On the basis of these data and estimated pre-NAT infectious WPs, the residual risk per unit transfused was estimated at 1 in 10.88 million for HCV (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.51-19.72 million), 1 in 4.30 million for HIV-1 (95% CI, 2.39-21.37 million), and 1 in 360,000 for HBV (95% CI, 0.19-3.36 million). Based on observed cases of breakthrough infections, the risk of transfusion-related infections may be even lower. CONCLUSION: The risk of a blood recipient becoming infected with HCV, HIV-1, or HBV has reached an extremely low level. Introduction of individual donation testing for HCV and HIV-1 would have a marginal effect on interception of WP donations.
机译：背景：输血传播的人类免疫缺陷病毒1（HIV-1），丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的风险主要归因于感染早期阶段的诊断性捐赠（可能诊断）。失败。 1997年，在德国红十字会（GRC）的献血者服务处引入了核酸扩增技术（NAT）测试，以缩短诊断窗口期（WP）。研究设计和方法：通过minipool NAT筛选了1997年至2005年共收集的31,524,571例献血，主要是96个献血池。这些捐赠覆盖了这段时期德国收集的全部血液的大约80％。根据这些数据，使用最新的数学模型估算了GRC献血者人群的WP风险。结果：在观察期内，检测到23例HCV，7例HIV-1和43例仅NAT阳性的HBV阳性。根据这些数据和估计的NAT前传染性可湿性粉剂，HCV的每单位输血残余风险估计为1,088万中的1（95％置信区间[CI]为7.51-1972万），HIV为430万中的1 HBV为-1（95％CI，2.39-21.37百万），360,000中有1（95％CI，19.333.6百万）。根据观察到的突破性感染病例，输血相关感染的风险可能更低。结论：血液接受者感染HCV，HIV-1或HBV的风险已降至极低水平。引入针对HCV和HIV-1的个人捐赠测试将对拦截WP捐赠产生微不足道的影响。

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