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首页> 外文期刊>Tree Physiology >Leaf responsiveness of Populus tremula and Salix viminalis to soil contaminated with heavy metals and acidic rainwater
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Leaf responsiveness of Populus tremula and Salix viminalis to soil contaminated with heavy metals and acidic rainwater

机译：毛白杨和柳柳对重金属和酸性雨水污染土壤的响应性

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Fast-growing trees such as Salix viminalis L. and Populus tremula L. are well suited to phytoremediate heavy metal contaminated soils. However, information on tree performance, particularly leaf function, under conditions of heavy metal contamination is scarce. We used yearly coppiced saplings of S. viminalis and P. tremula growing in model ecosytems to test four hypotheses: (1) heavy metal contamination impairs photosynthesis by injuring leaf structure; (2) the effects of heavy metal contamination are enhanced by acidified rainwater and low soil pH; (3) heavy metal contamination increases dark respiration and, thus, repair processes; and (4) heavy metal contamination is tolerated and remediated better by S. viminalis than by P. tremula. We investigated heavy metal accumulation, tissue injury and gas exchange in leaves of plants subjected to controlled soil contamination with heavy metal dust. Additional treatments included acidic and calcareous natural forest subsoils in combination with irrigation with rainwater at pH 5.5 or 3.5. In both provenances of P. tremula that were studied, but not in S. viminalis, heavy metal treatment reduced photosynthesis and transpiration by varying amounts, except in the hot and dry summer of 2003, but had no effect on dark respiration. At light saturation, net CO(2) uptake and water-use efficiency were reduced by heavy metal contamination, whereas the CO(2) concentration in the leaf intercellular air space was increased. Rainwater pH and subsoil pH only slightly modified the effects of the heavy metal treatment on P. tremula. Gas exchange responses of P. tremula to heavy metals were attributed to leaf structural and ultrastructural changes resulting from hypersensitive-response-like processes and accelerated mesophyll cell senescence and necroses in the lower epidermis, especially along the transport pathways of heavy metals in the leaf lamina. Overall, the effects of heavy metals on P. tremula corroborated Hypothesis 1, but refuted Hypotheses 2 and 3, and were inconclusive for Hypothesis 4. Both P. tremula and S. viminalis showed appreciable potential for storing heavy metals in aging foliage.
机译：快速生长的树木，如柳柳和杨白杨，非常适合植物修复重金属污染的土壤。然而，在重金属污染的条件下，关于树木性能，特别是叶片功能的信息很少。我们使用在模型生态系统中生长的一年生的葡萄球菌和银耳的幼树来检验四个假说：（1）重金属污染通过损害叶片结构损害光合作用; （2）酸化的雨水和低土壤pH值增强了重金属污染的影响; （3）重金属污染会增加黑呼吸，从而增加修复过程; （4）沙门氏菌对重金属的污染的耐受性和补救能力优于银耳草。我们调查了受到重金属粉尘控制的土壤污染的植物叶片中重金属的积累，组织损伤和气体交换。其他处理方法包括酸性和钙质天然森林地层土壤，以及pH 5.5或3.5的雨水灌溉。在所研究的两个金银花来源中，但在Vivialis S. viminalis中没有，重金属处理可不同程度地减少光合作用和蒸腾作用，除了在2003年炎热干燥的夏季，但对暗呼吸没有影响。在轻度饱和时，重金属污染降低了净CO（2）的吸收和水分利用效率，而叶间气隙中CO（2）的浓度却增加了。雨水的pH值和底土的pH值仅轻微地改变了重金属处理对金银花的影响。金银花对重金属的气体交换响应归因于超敏反应样过程和下表皮中加速的叶肉细胞衰老和坏死引起的叶片结构和超微结构变化，特别是沿叶片中重金属的运输途径。总体而言，重金属对金银花的影响证实了假说1，但驳斥了假说2和假说3，并且对假说4并没有说服力。金银花和沙门氏菌都显示出在衰老的叶子中储存重金属的潜力。

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