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Phosphoglucan phosphatase function sheds light on starch degradation

机译:磷酸葡聚糖磷酸酶功能揭示了淀粉的降解

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Phosphoglucan phosphatases are novel enzymes that remove phosphates from complex carbohydrates. In plants, these proteins are vital components in the remobilization of leaf starch at night. Breakdown of starch is initiated through reversible glucan phosphorylation to disrupt the semi-crystalline starch structure at the granule surface. The phosphoglucan phosphatases starch excess 4 (SEX4) and like-SEX4 2 (LSF2) dephosphorylate glucans to provide access for amylases that release maltose and glucose from starch. Another phosphatase, LSF1, is a putative inactive scaffold protein that may act as regulator of starch degradative enzymes at the granule surface. Absence of these phosphatases disrupts starch breakdown, resulting in plants accumulating excess starch. Here, we describe recent advances in understanding the biochemical and structural properties of each of these starch phosphatases.
机译:磷酸葡聚糖磷酸酶是从复杂碳水化合物中去除磷酸盐的新型酶。在植物中,这些蛋白质是夜间叶片淀粉迁移的重要组成部分。淀粉的分解通过可逆的葡聚糖磷酸化作用引发,以破坏颗粒表面的半结晶淀粉结构。磷酸葡聚糖使淀粉过量4(SEX4)和like-SEX4 2(LSF2)磷酸化葡聚糖,从而为从淀粉中释放出麦芽糖和葡萄糖的淀粉酶提供途径。另一种磷酸酶LSF1是一种推定的无活性支架蛋白,可以在颗粒表面充当淀粉降解酶的调节剂。这些磷酸酶的缺乏会破坏淀粉的分解,导致植物积累过多的淀粉。在这里,我们描述了了解这些淀粉磷酸酶中每一种的生物化学和结构性质的最新进展。

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