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首页> 外文期刊>Tumori. >Drug delivery systems: application of liposomal anti-tumor agents to neuroectodermal cancer treatment.
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Drug delivery systems: application of liposomal anti-tumor agents to neuroectodermal cancer treatment.

机译：药物输送系统：脂质体抗肿瘤剂在神经外皮癌治疗中的应用。

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Disseminated neuroectoderma-derived tumors, mainly neuroblastoma in childhood and melanoma in the adulthood, are refractory to most current therapeutic regimens and hence the prognosis remains very poor. Preclinical research studies have indicated several agents that show promising therapeutic potential for these neoplasms. However, there appears to be a limitation to their in vivo applicability, mainly due to unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties that lead to insufficient drug delivery to the tumor or metastatic sites or to high systemic or organ-specific toxicity. In this scenario, the focus is on targeted cancer therapy. Encapsulating anticancer drugs in liposomes enables targeted drug delivery to tumor tissue and prevents damage to the normal surrounding tissue. Indeed, sterically stabilized liposomes have been shown to enhance the selective localization of entrapped drugs to solid tumors, with improvements in therapeutic indices. The identification of tumor-associated antigens and/or genes and the relative ease of manipulating the physicochemical features of liposome hold promise for the development of novel therapeutic strategies that selectively target tumor cells. Combined targeting is still investigated, especially the availability to simultaneously target and kill both the cancer cells and the tumor vasculature. Animal models make it possible to link molecular genetics and biochemistry information to the physiological basis of disease and are important predictive tools that offer a frontline testing system for studying the involvement of specific genes and the efficacy of novel therapeutics approaches. Relevant experimental models of human neuroblastoma and melanoma, which better reflect the tumor behavior in patients, are required to evaluate the effectiveness of the various targeted liposomal formulations and their possible systemic and organ-specific toxicity. The most multifunctional targeted liposomes are herein described, with primary attention on testing their efficacy in clinically relevant animal models for the treatment of neuroblastoma and melanoma.
机译：弥散性神经外胚层衍生的肿瘤，主要是儿童时期的神经母细胞瘤和成年期的黑色素瘤，对大多数目前的治疗方案均是难治的，因此预后仍然很差。临床前研究表明，几种药物对这些肿瘤显示出有希望的治疗潜力。但是，它们在体内的适用性似乎受到限制，这主要是由于不良的药代动力学特性导致药物不能充分递送到肿瘤或转移部位，或者是高全身或器官特异性毒性。在这种情况下，重点是针对性的癌症治疗。将抗癌药封装在脂质体内可实现靶向药物向肿瘤组织的递送，并防止对正常周围组织的损害。实际上，已显示出空间稳定的脂质体可增强包埋的药物对实体瘤的选择性定位，并改善治疗指数。肿瘤相关抗原和/或基因的鉴定以及操纵脂质体的理化特征的相对容易性为开发选择性靶向肿瘤细胞的新型治疗策略提供了希望。联合靶向仍在研究中，尤其是同时靶向和杀死癌细胞和肿瘤脉管系统的可用性。动物模型使分子遗传学和生物化学信息与疾病的生理基础联系起来成为可能，并且是重要的预测工具，可为研究特定基因的参与和新型治疗方法的有效性提供一线测试系统。需要人类神经母细胞瘤和黑色素瘤的相关实验模型更好地反映患者的肿瘤行为，以评估各种靶向脂质体制剂的有效性及其可能的全身和器官特异性毒性。本文描述了最多功能的靶向脂质体，主要关注在临床相关动物模型中测试其功效以治疗神经母细胞瘤和黑色素瘤。

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