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Multivariate analysis of sexual size dimorphism in local turkeys () in Nigeria

机译：尼日利亚当地火鸡性大小二态性的多变量分析

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Sexual size dimorphism is a key evolutionary feature that can lead to important biological insights. To improve methods of sexing live birds in the field, we assessed sexual size dimorphism in Nigerian local turkeys () using multivariate techniques. Measurements were taken on 125 twenty-week-old birds reared under the intensive management system. The body parameters measured were body weight, body length, breast girth, thigh length, shank length, keel length, wing length and wing span. Univariate analysis revealed that toms (males) had significantly ( < 0.05) higher mean values than hens (females) in all the measured traits. Positive phenotypic correlations between body weight and body measurements ranged from 0.445 to 0.821 in toms and 0.053-0.660 in hens, respectively. Three principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) were extracted in toms, each accounting for 63.70%, 19.42% and 5.72% of the total variance, respectively. However, four principal components (PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4) were extracted in hens, which explained 54.03%, 15.29%, 11.68% and 6.95%, respectively of the generalised variance. A stepwise discriminant function analysis of the eight morphological traits indicated that body weight, body length, tail length and wing span were the most discriminating variables in separating the sexes. The single discriminant function obtained was able to correctly classify 100% of the birds into their source population. The results obtained from the present study could aid future management decisions, ecological studies and conservation of local turkeys in a developing economy.
机译：有性双态是一种重要的进化特征，可以导致重要的生物学见解。为了改进在野外对活禽进行性别鉴定的方法，我们使用多变量技术评估了尼日利亚当地火鸡（）的性别大小二态性。在集约化管理系统下对125只20周龄的家禽进行了测量。测得的身体参数为体重，体长，胸围，大腿长度，小腿长度，龙骨长度，机翼长度和机翼跨度。单因素分析表明，在所有测量的性状中，汤姆（雄性）的平均值均显着高于母鸡（雌性）（<0.05）。体重与体格测量之间的正表型相关性分别在汤姆中为0.445至0.821，在母鸡中为0.053-0.660。提取了三个主要成分（PC1，PC2和PC3），每个成分分别占总方差的63.70％，19.42％和5.72％。但是，从母鸡中提取了四个主要成分（PC1，PC2，PC3和PC4），分别解释了广义方差的54.03％，15.29％，11.68％和6.95％。对这八个形态特征的逐步判别功能分析表明，体重，体长，尾巴长度和翼展是分离性别时最有区别的变量。获得的单个判别函数能够正确地将100％的鸟类分类为它们的源种群。从本研究中获得的结果可以帮助将来的管理决策，生态学研究和发展中经济体对当地火鸡的保护。

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