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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Neurosciences >Searching for ways out of the autism maze: genetic, epigenetic and environmental clues.
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Searching for ways out of the autism maze: genetic, epigenetic and environmental clues.

机译:寻找摆脱孤独症迷宫的方法:遗传,表观遗传和环境线索。

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摘要

Our understanding of human disorders that affect higher cognitive functions has greatly advanced in recent decades, and over 20 genes associated with non-syndromic mental retardation have been identified during the past 15 years. However, proteins encoded by "cognition genes" have such diverse neurodevelopmental functions that delineating specific pathogenetic pathways still poses a tremendous challenge. In this review, we summarize genetic, epigenetic and environmental contributions to neurodevelopmental alterations that either cause or confer vulnerability to autism, a disease primarily affecting social cognition. Taken together, these results begin to provide a unifying view of complex pathogenetic pathways that are likely to lead to autism spectrum disorders through altered neurite morphology, synaptogenesis and cell migration. This review is part of the INMED/TINS special issue "Nature and nurture in brain development and neurological disorders", based on presentations at the annual INMED/TINS symposium (http://inmednet.com/).
机译:在最近的几十年中,我们对影响更高认知功能的人类疾病的理解得到了极大的发展,并且在过去的15年中已经发现了20多种与非综合征性智力低下相关的基因。然而,由“认知基因”编码的蛋白质具有如此多样的神经发育功能,以致于描绘特定的致病途径仍然构成了巨大的挑战。在这篇综述中,我们总结了遗传,表观遗传学和环境对神经发育改变的影响,这些改变导致或赋予自闭症易感性,该疾病主要影响社会认知。综上所述,这些结果开始提供复杂病原学途径的统一观点,这些病原学途径可能通过改变神经突形态,突触形成和细胞迁移而导致自闭症谱系障碍。该评论是INMED / TINS​​特刊“大脑发育和神经系统疾病中的自然与养育”的一部分,该刊物以年度INMED / TINS​​专题讨论会(http://inmednet.com/)的演讲为基础。

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