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首页> 外文期刊>Veterinary Pathology >Nondrowning Asphyxia in Veterinary Forensic Pathology: Suffocation, Strangulation, and Mechanical Asphyxia
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Nondrowning Asphyxia in Veterinary Forensic Pathology: Suffocation, Strangulation, and Mechanical Asphyxia

机译:兽医法医病理学中的无窒息窒息:窒息,窒息和机械性窒息

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摘要

Asphyxia in a forensic context refers to death by rapid cerebral anoxia or hypoxia due to accidental or nonaccidental injury. Death due to nondrowning asphyxia can occur with strangulation, suffocation, and mechanical asphyxia, each of which is categorized based on the mechanism of injury. Individuals dying due to various types of asphyxia may or may not have lesions, and even those lesions that are present may be due to other causes. The interpretation or opinion that death was due to asphyxia requires definitive and compelling evidence from the postmortem examination, death scene, and/or history. Beyond the postmortem examination, pathologists may be faced with questions of forensic importance that revolve around the behavioral and physiological responses in animals subjected to strangulation, suffocation, or mechanical asphyxia to determine if the animal suffered. While there is no prescriptive answer to these questions, it is apparent that, because of physiological and anatomical differences between humans and animals, for some mechanisms of asphyxia, consciousness is maintained for longer periods and the onset of death is later in animals than that described for people. Veterinary pathologists must be cognizant that direct extrapolation from the medical forensic literature to animals may be incorrect. This article reviews the terminology, classification, mechanisms, and lesions associated with asphyxial deaths in companion animals and highlights significant comparative differences of the response to various types of asphyxia in animals and people.
机译:法医鉴定中的窒息是指由于意外或非意外伤害导致的快速脑缺氧或缺氧导致的死亡。窒息,窒息和机械性窒息可导致窒息性窒息死亡,每种死亡均根据伤害机制进行分类。因各种窒息而死亡的个体可能患有病变,也可能没有病变,甚至那些存在的病变也可能是由其他原因引起的。对于死亡是由于窒息造成的解释或观点,需要死后检查,死亡现场和/或病史的确切证据。除事后检查外,病理学家还可能面临法医学上重要的问题,这些问题围绕勒死,窒息或机械性窒息的动物的行为和生理反应,以确定动物是否遭受痛苦。尽管没有这些问题的规定性答案,但很明显的是,由于人与动物之间的生理和解剖学差异,对于某些窒息机制,意识得以维持更长的时间,而动物死亡的发生时间比所描述的要晚。为人。兽医病理学家必须意识到,从法医文献直接推断动物可能是错误的。本文回顾了与伴侣动物窒息死亡相关的术语,分类,机理和损伤,并重点介绍了动物和人对各种窒息反应的显着比较差异。

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