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The radioprotective properties of fungal melanin are a function of its chemical composition, stable radical presence and spatial arrangement

机译:真菌黑色素的辐射防护特性取决于其化学成分,稳定的自由基存在和空间排列

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Melanized microorganisms are often found in envi-ronments with very high background radiation lev-els such as in nuclear reactor cooling pools and the destroyed reactor in Chernobyl. These findings and the laboratory observations of the resistance of mel-anized fungi to ionizing radiation suggest a role for this pigment in radioprotection. We hypothesized that the radioprotective properties of melanin in microorganisms result from a combination of physi-cal shielding and quenching of cytotoxic free radi-cals. We have investigated the radioprotective properties of melanin by subjecting the human pathogenic fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and Histoplasma capsulatum in their melanized and non-melanized forms to sublethal and lethal doses of radiation of up to 8 kGy. The contribution of chemical composition, free radical presence, spatial arrangement, and Compton scattering to the radioprotective properties of melanin was investi-gated by high-performance liquid chromatography, electron spin resonance, transmission electron microscopy, and autoradiographic techniques. Melanin protected fungi against ionizing radiation and its radioprotective properties were a function of its chemical composition, free radical quenching, and spherical spatial arrangement.
机译:黑色素化微生物通常存在于本底辐射水平很高的环境中,例如在核反应堆冷却池和切尔诺贝利被毁的反应堆中。这些发现和对黑色化真菌对电离辐射的抗性的实验室观察表明,这种色素在辐射防护中发挥了作用。我们假设黑色素在微生物中的辐射防护特性是物理屏蔽和淬灭细胞毒性游离自由基的结果。我们已经对黑色素和非黑色素化的人类致病真菌新隐球菌和荚膜组织胞浆进行了高达8 kGy的亚致死剂量辐射研究。通过高效液相色谱,电子自旋共振,透射电子显微镜和放射自显影技术研究了化学成分,自由基的存在,空间排列和康普顿散射对黑色素辐射防护特性的影响。黑色素保护真菌免受电离辐射,其辐射防护特性是其化学组成,自由基猝灭和球形空间排列的函数。

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