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Evolutionary status of Entamoeba

机译：变形虫的进化状态

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In addition to its medical importance as parasitic pathogen, Entamoeba has aroused people's interest in its evolutionary status for a long time. Lacking mitochondrion and other Intracellular organelles common to typical eukaryotes, Entamoeba and several other amitochondrial protozoans have been recognized as ancient pre-mitochondriate eukaryotes and named "archezoa", the most primitive extant eukaryotes. It was suggested that they might be living fossils that remained in a primitive stage of evolution before acquisition of organelles, lying close to the transition between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, recent studies revealed that Entamoeba contained an organelle, "crypton" or "mitosome", which was regarded as specialized or reductive mitochondrion. Relative molecular phylogenetic analyses also indicated the existence or the probable existence of mitochondrion in Entamoeba. Our phylogenetic analysis based on DNA topoisomerase II strongly suggested its divergence after some mitchondriate eukaryotes. Here, all these recent researches are reviewed and the evolutionary status of Entamoeba is discussed.
机译：除了作为寄生病原体的医学重要性外，Entamoeba还长期引起人们对其进化状态的兴趣。缺乏线粒体和其他典型真核生物常见的细胞内细胞器，Entamoeba和其他几种线粒体原生动物被认为是古代线粒体前真核生物，并被称为“ archezoa”，这是最原始的现存真核生物。有人认为它们可能是活化石，在获取细胞器之前仍处于进化的原始阶段，接近原核生物和真核生物之间的过渡。但是，最近的研究表明，Entamoeba含有一种细胞器，“隐窝”或“线粒体”，被认为是专门的或还原性的线粒体。相对分子系统发育分析还表明线虫在线虫中存在或可能存在。我们基于DNA拓扑异构酶II的系统发育分析强烈提示其在某些线粒体真核生物后会发散。在这里，所有这些最新的研究综述，并讨论了Entamoeba的进化状况。

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