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Characteristics of grasping movements in a laboratory and in an everyday-like context

机译：在实验室和日常环境中抓握动作的特征

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To understand the principles of motor control, it is useful to know whether movements with the same physical constraints can be governed by different rules depending on the behavioral context. We therefore have recently introduced a paradigm in which subjects grasp from the same starting position to the same final object, once as a typical laboratory task and once as part of everyday-like behavior. In the laboratory context, grasping was repetitive, externally triggered and purposeless; in the everyday-like context, it was embedded in a complex activity, intentionally initiated, and served a purpose. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of data from that paradigm. Among 38 response parameters that reflected hand transport, grip shaping and object manipulation, 20 differed significantly between groups. Factor analysis further reduced them to four orthogonal factors: response speed, finger-object contact, response variability, and hand path curvature. This shows, for the first time, that behavioral context influences the execution of grasping movements in four independent ways, possibly reflecting four distinct functional modules in the motor system. This fits well with the view - derived from neurological data - that grasping is controlled by a set of interconnected brain areas which are differentially recruited to achieve different behavioral goals.
机译：为了理解运动控制的原理，了解具有相同物理约束的运动是否可以根据行为上下文由不同的规则来控制是很有用的。因此，我们最近引入了一种范式，其中受试者从相同的起始位置抓握到相同的最终对象，一次作为典型的实验室任务，一次作为日常行为的一部分。在实验室环境中，抓取是重复的，外部触发的和无目的的;在日常环境中，它被嵌入到复杂的活动中，有意地发起并达到了目的。在这里，我们对来自该范例的数据进行了全面的分析。在反映手部运输，握力塑形和物体操纵的38个响应参数中，各组之间有20个差异很大。因子分析将它们进一步简化为四个正交因子：响应速度，手指与对象的接触，响应可变性和手路径曲率。这首次表明，行为情境以四种独立的方式影响抓地动作的执行，可能反映了电机系统中的四个不同功能模块。这与从神经学数据得出的观点非常吻合，即抓握是由一组相互关联的大脑区域控制的，这些区域相互补充以实现不同的行为目标。

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