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Analysis of the gene pool, the genetic diversity and inbreeding ratios of Austrian Haflinger population

机译：奥地利Haflinger种群的基因库，遗传多样性和近交比率分析

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摘要

In this study we analysed the genetic variability of the Austrian Haflinger horse population by use of pedigree analysis. For the analysis of inbreeding and genetic variability we defined three different reference populations which included active breeding animals with registered progeny in the main stud book. The mean inbreeding for 2.560 breeding animals between 1978 and 1985 (reference population 3, R3) comprised 6,34%, the effective number of founders was 43 and the effective number of ancestors was 18. In the following two reference populations (R2 1993 and 2000; R12008 and 2015) the genetic variability further decreased. The mean inbreeding increased from 8,83% in R2 to 11,92% in R1 and effective number of founders comprised 35 in R2 and 14 in R1, and the effective number of ancestors was 31 in R2 and 12 in R1. The gene pool of the actual Austrian Haflinger population consists of 6,9% Arabian genes, 1,7% Gidran genes, 1,8% Noriker genes, 58,6% genes from Original Haflinger founder mares (Ohast.), 24,1% genes from Haflinger horses, 0,01% genes from crossbred mares and 6,9% of genes go back to a Galician founder mare of the 19th century. Finally the decrease of genetic variability and the mean inbreeding increase of about 1% per generation in the Austrian Haflinger population shows, that in spite its worldwide distribution and the large international population size, it will be necessary to apply strategies from conservation genetics. In this context the major challenge will be the incorporation of founder contributions in small frequencies actually not being used in reproduction in order to increase the amount of alleles in the actual Haflinger gene pool.
机译：在这项研究中，我们使用谱系分析方法分析了奥地利Haflinger马种群的遗传变异性。为了分析近亲繁殖和遗传变异，我们定义了三个不同的参考种群，其中包括在主要种皮书中登记了后代的​​活跃繁殖动物。在1978年至1985年之间，平均有近2.560种繁殖动物（参考种群3，R3）近亲繁殖率为6,34％，有效创建者数量为43，祖先有效数量为18。在以下两个参考种群中（R2 1993和R2）。 2000; R12008和2015）的遗传变异性进一步降低。平均近亲繁殖从R2的8,83％增加到R1的11,92％，创建者的有效人数包括R2的35人和R1的14人，祖先的有效人数为R2的31人和R1的12人。实际的奥地利Haflinger种群的基因库包含6.9％的阿拉伯基因，1.7％的Gidran基因，1.8％的Noriker基因，58.6％的原始Haflinger创始人母马（Ohast。）的基因，24,1来自Haflinger马的％基因，来自杂交母马的基因有0.01％和6.9％的基因可以追溯到19世纪的加利西亚创始人母马。最后，奥地利哈弗林格（Haflinger）群体的遗传变异性降低和平均近交世代增加了约1％，这表明，尽管其全球分布广泛且国际人口众多，但还是有必要应用保护遗传学的策略。在这种情况下，主要的挑战将是在较小的频率上合并创始人的贡献，而这些频率实际上并未用于繁殖中，以增加实际Haflinger基因库中的等位基因数量。

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