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Characterization of Locomotor-related Spike Activity in Protocerebrum of Freely Walking Cricket

机译：自由行走Cri的前脑运动相关性穗活动的表征。

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摘要

To characterize the neural elements involved in the higher-order control of spontaneous walking in insects, we recorded extracellular spike activity in the protocerebrum of freely walking crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus). Locomotor behavior was simultaneously recorded using a newly developed motion tracking system. We focused on spike units that altered their firing patterns during walking. According to their activity patterns with reference to walking bouts, these locomotor-related spike units were classified into the following four types: continuously activated unit during walking (type 1); continuously inhibited unit during walking (type 2); transiently activated unit at the onset of walking (type 3); and transiently activated unit at the termination of walking (type 4). The type 1 unit was the most dominant group (25 out of 33 units), whereas only a few units each were recorded for types 2-4. Some of the locomotor-related units tended to change firing pattern before the onset or termination of walking bouts. Spike activity in some type 1 units was found to be closely correlated with walking speed. When firing timing was compared between unit pairs, their temporal relationships (synchronization/desynchronization) altered, depending on the behavioral state (standing/walking). Mechanical stimuli applied to the body surface elicited excitatory responses in the majority of the units. Histological observations revealed that the recorded sites were concentrated near or within the mushroom body and central complex in the protocerebrum.
机译：为了表征参与昆虫自发行走的高级控制的神经元，我们在自由行走的（（Gryllus bimaculatus）的原大脑中记录了细胞外刺突活性。使用新开发的运动跟踪系统同时记录运动行为。我们专注于在行走过程中改变其射击方式的长钉部队。根据与步行有关的活动模式，这些与运动有关的峰值单元分为以下四种类型：步行过程中连续激活的单元（类型1）;行走过程中连续禁止的装置（类型2）;行走开始时短暂激活的单元（3型）;并在行走结束时暂时激活设备（类型4）。 1型单位是最主要的组（33个单位中的25个），而2-4型分别记录了几个单位。一些与运动有关的单位在步行发作开始或终止之前倾向于改变射击方式。发现某些1型单位的峰值活动与步行速度密切相关。在单元对之间比较点火正时时，它们的时间关系（同步/不同步）会根据行为状态（站立/行走）而改变。在大多数单位中，对身体表面施加机械刺激会引起兴奋性反应。组织学观察发现，记录的部位集中在原大脑的蘑菇体和中央复合体附近或内部。

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