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Comparative Cytogenetics of Seven Ctenidae Species (Araneae)

机译:七个Ctenidae物种(Araneae)的比较细胞遗传学

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The present study elevates the number of cytogenetically analyzed ctenid species and genera from two to eight and six, respectively, presenting comparisons between chromosomal data obtained and the phylogenetic hypothesis proposed in the literature. Six ctenid species presented 13 autosomal pairs, exhibiting either X(1)X(2)0 (Ctenus ornatus, Ctenus sp., Parabatinga brevipes and Phoneutria nigriventer) or X(1)X(2)X(3)0 sex chromosome systems (Nothroctenus sp. and Viracucha andicola). Asthenoctenus borellii showed 2n male = 20 + X(1)X(2)0. In all species, the chromosomes were telocentric. Some cells of one C. ornatus specimen exhibited one extra chromosome that, considering the behavioral similarities between the two chromosomes, can be considered to be supernumerary, derived from or giving rise to a sex chromosome. Silver impregnation revealed nucleolar organizer regions on one autosomal pair of C. ornatus and P. nigriventer (Cteninae) and two pairs of V. andicola (Acanthocteninae). Chromosomal data suggests that the X(1)X(2)X(3)0 system arose several times in the evolution of entelegyne spiders, and that conversion of an X(1)X(2)0 system into an X(1)X(2)X(3)0 system and vice-versa has been a relatively common event in spiders. All the chromosomal data corroborate the close relationship between Ctenus and Phoneutria, the placement of P. brevipes within Cteninae, the placement of Anahita in a separated branch within Cteninae, and the inclusion of A. borellii in a distinct group within the ctenids (Viridasiinae), all of which are as proposed by phylogenetic hypotheses available in the literature.
机译:本研究将经细胞遗传学分析的类胚轴种类和属数分别从2个增加到8个和6个,提出了获得的染色体数据与文献中提出的系统发育假说之间的比较。六个鲸蜡种类提供了13个常染色体对,表现出X(1)X(2)0(Ctenus ornatus,Ctenus sp。,Parabatinga brevipes和Phoneutria nigriventer)或X(1)X(2)X(3)0性染色体系统(Nothroctenus sp。和Viracucha andicola)。体弱天花显示2n雄= 20 + X(1)X(2)0。在所有物种中,染色体都是端中心的。考虑到两个染色体之间的行为相似性,一只角唇鱼标本的某些细胞表现出一条额外的染色体,可以认为这些染色体是多余的,来源于或产生性染色体。银浸渍显示一对常染色体的C. ornatus和P. nigriventer(Cteninae)和两对V. andicola(Acanthocteninae)上的核仁组织区。染色体数据表明,X(1)X(2)X(3)0系统在Entegegyne蜘蛛的进化过程中出现了数次,并且将X(1)X(2)0系统转换为X(1) X(2)X(3)0系统,反之亦然,已成为蜘蛛中相对普遍的事件。所有的染色体数据都证实了Ctenus和Phoneutria之间的密切关系,在Cteninae中短小毕赤酵母的位置,在Cteninae内一个单独分支中的Anahita位置以及在孢粉体中的一个不同类群中包含了A.borllii(Viridasiinae) ,所有这些都是根据文献中的系统发育假设提出的。

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