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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >A dog rabies vaccination campaign in rural Africa: impact on the incidence of dog rabies and human dog-bite injuries
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A dog rabies vaccination campaign in rural Africa: impact on the incidence of dog rabies and human dog-bite injuries

机译：非洲农村地区的狗狂犬病疫苗接种运动：对狗狂犬病和人狗咬伤的影响

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摘要

Despite the availability of safe and effective rabies vaccines, the incidence of dog rabies has been increasing throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa. Here we describe a vaccination strategy that has resulted in successful control of rabies in a rural dog population of Northwestern Tanzania. From October 1996 to February 2001, four central-point dog vaccination campaigns were conducted in villages within Serengeti District with a mean interval between campaigns of 338,319 and 456 days. Vaccination coverage of the dog population was estimated from household questionnaires as 64.5, 61.1, 70.6 and 73.7% following each of the four campaigns, respectively. The incidence of dog rabies declined significantly in Serengeti District falling by 70% after the first campaign and by 97% after the second campaign. Over the same period, the incidence of dog rabies did not differ significantly in unvaccinated control villages of Musoma District. The incidence of human bite injuries from suspected rabid dogs declined significantly in Serengeti District after dog vaccination but not in adjacent unvaccinated districts. Vaccination of 60-70% of dogs has been sufficient to control dog rabies in this area and to significantly reduce demand for human post-exposure rabies treatment. Dog-bite injuries can provide a valuable and accessible source of data for surveillance in countries where case incidence data are difficult to obtain.
机译：尽管有安全有效的狂犬病疫苗，但在整个撒哈拉以南非洲，狗狂犬病的发病率一直在增加。在这里，我们描述了一种疫苗接种策略，该策略已成功控制了坦桑尼亚西北部乡村狗群中的狂犬病。从1996年10月到2001年2月，在塞伦盖蒂地区的村庄进行了四次中心点狗疫苗接种运动，平均间隔时间为338,319天和456天。通过四项运动中的每一项，从家庭问卷调查中估计狗群的疫苗接种率分别为64.5、61.1、70.6和73.7％。塞伦盖蒂地区狂犬病的发生率显着下降，第一次运动后下降了70％，第二次运动后下降了97％。在同一时期，未接种疫苗的穆索马区对照村庄的狗狂犬病发生率没有显着差异。在塞伦盖蒂地区接种疫苗后，怀疑患有狂犬病的人咬伤的发生率显着下降，但在相邻的未进行疫苗接种的地区却没有。 60-70％的狗接种疫苗足以控制该地区的狗狂犬病，并大大减少了对人类暴露后狂犬病治疗的需求。狗咬伤可为难以获得案件发病率数据的国家提供有价值的可访问数据，以进行监视。

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