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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >Vaccination of commercial broiler chicks against avian metapneumovirus infection: a comparison of drinking-water, spray and oculo-oral delivery methods
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Vaccination of commercial broiler chicks against avian metapneumovirus infection: a comparison of drinking-water, spray and oculo-oral delivery methods

机译：商业肉鸡雏鸡对禽偏肺炎病毒感染的疫苗接种：饮用水，喷雾剂和眼口给药方法的比较

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Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) has become an important cause of viral respiratory infections in turkey and chickens. Live and inactivated vaccinations are available worldwide for prevention of disease and economic losses caused by this pathogen. The efficacy of these vaccines is vigorously tested under laboratory conditions prior to use in the field. In this study, a live subtype B aMPV vaccine was administered by spray, drinking water or oculo-oral methods to separate groups of broiler chicks under field conditions. Following this, the chicks were immediately transferred to separate rooms in an experimental isolation house, monitored and challenged with virulent subtype B aMPV. No clinical signs were recorded following the vaccination methods. In the oculo-oral vaccinated chicks, 40-60% of the birds were vaccine virus positive by RT-PCR. In addition, in comparison to other groups, statistically higher levels of aMPV ELISA antibodies were detected. After spray vaccination, the number of chicks positive for the vaccine virus increased gradually from 10% at one week to 30% by 3 weeks post vaccination. Following drinking water vaccination, 30% of chicks were aMPV positive at 1 week but negative by 3 weeks post vaccination. In both, spray and drinking water vaccinated groups, no ELISA antibodies were detected, but when challenged all chicks were protected against disease. At 5 days post challenge, 100% of chicks in the unvaccinated and those vaccinated by spray or drinking water routes but only 20% of the oculo-oral-vaccinated chicks were aMPV positive by RT-PCR. At 10 days post challenge, 10% of chicks in each group were aMPV RTPCR positive. On challenge, all vaccinated chicks were protected against disease. It appears that when aMPV vaccine is accurately applied to chicks by spray or drinking water routes, both are capable of giving protection against clinical disease equal to that induced in those chicks vaccinated individually by the oculo-oral route.
机译：禽偏肺病毒（aMPV）已成为火鸡和鸡病毒性呼吸道感染的重要原因。全世界都有活疫苗和灭活疫苗，以预防由该病原体引起的疾病和经济损失。在野外使用之前，必须在实验室条件下严格测试这些疫苗的功效。在这项研究中，在田间条件下，通过喷雾，饮用水或眼口方法施用了活的B亚型aMPV活疫苗，以将肉鸡雏鸡分为几组。此后，将小鸡立即转移到实验隔离房的不同房间，进行监测并用强毒的B型aMPV亚型攻击。接种方法未记录任何临床体征。通过RT-PCR，在经眼口接种的小鸡中，有40-60％的鸡是疫苗病毒阳性。另外，与其他组相比，检测到统计上更高水平的aMPV ELISA抗体。喷雾疫苗接种后，对疫苗病毒呈阳性的雏鸡数量从接种后的1％逐渐增加到接种后3周的30％。饮用水疫苗接种后，30％的雏鸡在1周时aMPV呈阳性，而在疫苗接种3周后呈阴性。在喷雾和饮用水疫苗接种组中，均未检测到ELISA抗体，但是当受到攻击时，所有小鸡都可以预防疾病。攻击后5天，未经疫苗接种和通过喷雾或饮用水途径接种的雏鸡中有100％的雏鸡，但经RT-PCR检测的经眼-口服疫苗的雏鸡中只有20％为aMPV阳性。攻击后第10天，每组中10％的小鸡aMPV RTPCR阳性。挑战时，所有接种疫苗的小鸡均已预防疾病。看来，当通过喷雾或饮用水途径将aMPV疫苗准确地应用于雏鸡时，两者都能够提供与通过眼口途径单独接种的雏鸡相同的临床疾病保护。

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