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首页> 外文期刊>Zoo Biology >A Retrospective Analysis of Mortality in Captive Pygmy Hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) From 1912 to 2014
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A Retrospective Analysis of Mortality in Captive Pygmy Hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) From 1912 to 2014

机译：1912年至2014年圈养侏儒河马（Choeropsis liberiensis）死亡率的回顾性分析

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The pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) is an IUCN Red List Endangered species (CITES Appendix II) that has been housed in zoological collections since 1912. As wild populations continue to decline throughout the species' range, successful ex situ breeding and management, including an understanding of morbidity and mortality, are of utmost importance. This study is the first comprehensive review of mortality data from the captive population since 1982 and significantly expands on previous analyses. We solicited necropsy reports from 129/187 zoological institutions worldwide that currently or previously held pygmy hippos and received data for 404 animals (177 male, 220 female, 7 undermined sex), representing 43% of pygmy hippos that have died in captivity. Mortality in neonates was primarily due to perinatal causes (51.8%-stillbirth, failure to thrive, weakness, poor suckling reflex, maternal neglect) or parent-inflicted trauma (28%). Common causes of mortality in adult and geriatric animals included cardiovascular disease (16%), degenerative musculoskeletal conditions (10%), obstructive gastrointestinal disease (9%), and renal insufficiency (13%), sometimes associated with advanced polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Although not the direct cause of mortality, a number of adult and geriatric pygmy hippos were also overweight to obese. Infectious causes of mortality in included leptospirosis and encephalomyocarditis virus, the latter usually presenting as acute death due to cardiovascular demise. This comprehensive overview presents a useful guide for recommendations in preventative veterinary care and for improved husbandry and management of pygmy hippos in captivity. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：侏儒河马（Choeropsis liberiensis）是世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）列入濒危物种红色名录（CITES附录II），自1912年以来就被保存在动物学收藏中。对发病率和死亡率的理解至关重要。这项研究是自1982年以来首次对圈养人口的死亡率数据进行的全面综述，并且大大扩展了以前的分析。我们从世界各地129/187个动物机构中搜集了尸体报告，这些报告目前或以前曾饲养过侏儒河马，并收到了404只动物（177只雄性，220只雌性，7种被破坏的性行为）的数据，占被圈养的侏儒河马的43％。新生儿的死亡率主要是由于围产期原因（51.8％死产，壮成长，虚弱，哺乳反射不良，母亲疏忽）或父母造成的创伤（28％）。成年和老年动物的常见死亡原因包括心血管疾病（16％），退化性肌肉骨骼疾病（10％），阻塞性胃肠疾病（9％）和肾功能不全（13％），有时与晚期多囊肾（PKD）相关）。尽管不是造成死亡的直接原因，但许多成年和老年侏儒河马也肥胖。钩端螺旋体病和脑心肌炎病毒是造成死亡的传染性原因，后者通常由于心血管死亡而表现为急性死亡。这份全面的概述为预防性兽医护理以及改善圈养侏儒河马的饲养和管理提供了有用的指南。 （C）2016威利期刊公司

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