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首页> 外文期刊>Zoologica Scripta: An International Journal of Evolutionary Zoology >Species delimitation and DNA barcoding of Atlantic Ensis (Bivalvia, Pharidae)
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Species delimitation and DNA barcoding of Atlantic Ensis (Bivalvia, Pharidae)

机译：Atlantic Ensis（Bivalvia，Pharidae）的物种定界和DNA条形码

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摘要

Ensis Schumacher, 1817 razor shells occur at both sides of the Atlantic and along the Pacific coasts of tropical west America, Peru, and Chile. Many of them are marketed in various regions. However, the absence of clear autapomorphies in the shell and the sympatric distributions of some species often prevent a correct identification of specimens. As a consequence, populations cannot be properly managed, and edible species are almost always mislabelled along the production chain. In this work, we studied whether the currently accepted Atlantic Ensis morphospecies are different evolutionary lineages, to clarify their taxonomic status and enable molecular identifications through DNA barcoding. For this, we studied 109 specimens sampled at 27 sites, which were identified as belonging to nine of those morphospecies. We analysed nucleotide variation at four nuclear (18S, 5.8S, ITS1, and ITS2) and two mitochondrial (COI and 16S) regions, although the 18S and 5.8S regions were not informative at the species level and were not further considered. The phylogenetic trees and networks obtained supported all morphospecies as separately evolving lineages. Phylogenetic trees recovered Ensis at each side of the Atlantic as reciprocally monophyletic. Remarkably, we confirm the cooccurrence of the morphologically similar E. minor (Chenu, 1843) and E. siliqua (Linné, 1758) along the NW Iberian coast, a fact that has been often overlooked. In South America, a relevant divergence between E. macha (Molina, 1792) individuals from Chile and Argentina was unveiled and suggests incipient speciation. We also confirm the occurrence of the North American species E. directus (Conrad, 1843) as far south as north-eastern Florida. Among the genomic regions analysed, we suggest COI as the most suitable DNA barcode for Atlantic Ensis. Our results will contribute to the conservation and management of Ensis populations and will enable reliable identifications of the edible species, even in the absence of the valves. The name Ensis coseli Vierna nom. nov. is proposed to replace E. minor Dall, 1899 non (Chenu, 1843).
机译：恩西斯·舒马赫（Ensis Schumacher），1817年的剃须刀外壳出现在大西洋的两侧以及热带西美洲，秘鲁和智利的太平洋沿岸。它们中的许多在各个地区都有销售。但是，由于壳中缺乏清晰的共形体，某些物种的同胞分布常常妨碍对标本的正确识别。结果，无法对种群进行适当的管理，而食用物种几乎总是在生产链上贴错标签。在这项工作中，我们研究了目前公认的Atlantic Ensis形态物种是否是不同的进化谱系，以阐明它们的分类地位并通过DNA条形码识别分子。为此，我们研究了在27个地点采样的109个标本，这些标本被确定为属于这些形态类中的9个。我们分析了四个核（18S，5.8S，ITS1和ITS2）和两个线粒体（COI和16S）区域的核苷酸变异，尽管18S和5.8S区域在物种一级没有提供足够的信息，也没有进一步考虑。获得的系统发育树和网络支持所有形态物种作为单独进化的谱系。系统发育树恢复了大西洋两岸的恩西斯，是相互独立的。值得注意的是，我们确认了伊比利亚西北海岸沿形态相似的小大肠杆菌（Chenu，1843年）和大肠杆菌（E. siliqua）（Linné，1758年）同时出现，这一事实经常被人们忽略。在南美，揭示了智利和阿根廷的E. macha（Molina，1792）个人之间的相关分歧，这表明初期物种形成。我们还确认了远南至佛罗里达东北的北美物种E. directus（Conrad，1843）的发生。在分析的基因组区域中，我们建议COI是Atlantic Ensis最合适的DNA条码。我们的结果将有助于Ensis种群的保护和管理，即使在没有阀门的情况下，也能够可靠地鉴定食用物种。名称Ensis coseli Vierna nom。十一月提议用E. minor Dall（1899 non（Chenu，1843）代替）。

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