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首页> 外文期刊>Dalton transactions: An international journal of inorganic chemistry >Peroxynitrous acid: Controversy and consensus surrounding an enigmatic oxidant
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Peroxynitrous acid: Controversy and consensus surrounding an enigmatic oxidant

机译:过氧亚硝酸:围绕神秘氧化剂的争议和共识

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The isomerisation of ONOOH to NO _3 ~- and H ~+, some oxidations and all hydroxylations and nitrations of aromatic compounds are first-order in ONOOH and zero-order in the compounds that are modified. These reactions are widely believed to proceed via homolysis of ONOOH into HO and NO _2 to an extent of ca. 30%. We review the evidence pro and contra homolysis in studies that involve(1)thermochemical considerations, (2)isomerisation to NO _3 ~- and H ~+, (3)decomposition to NO _2 - and O _2, (4)HO scavenger studies, (5)deuterium isotope effects, (6)18O-scrambling studies, (7)electrochemistry, (8)CIDNP NMR, and(9)photolysis. Our conclusion is that homolysis may be involved to a minor extent of ca. 5%. The initiation of ONOOH isomerisation may be visualised as an out-of-plane vibration of the terminal HO-group relative to the nitrogen. At ONOO ~- concentrations exceeding 0.1 mM and near neutral pH, disproportionation to NO _2 ~- and O _2 occurs; such disproportionations are typical for peroxy acids. For oxidation and nitration of organic substrates, we favour a mechanism involving initial formation of an adduct between the compound to be oxidised or nitrated and ONOOH.
机译:ONOOH的异构化为NO_3〜-和H〜+,芳族化合物的一些氧化以及所有羟基化和硝化反应在ONOOH中为一级,在改性化合物中为零级。人们普遍认为,这些反应是通过将ONOOH均质化为HO和NO _2的程度进行的。 30%。我们回顾了涉及(1)热化学考虑,(2)异构化为NO _3〜-和H〜+,(3)分解为NO _2-和O _2,(4)HO清除剂研究的证据的正反对比。 ,(5)氘同位素效应,(6)18O加扰研究,(7)电化学,(8)CIDNP NMR和(9)光解。我们的结论是,匀浆可能只在很小的程度上参与。 5%。 ONOOH异构化的引发可视为末端HO-基团相对于氮的平面外振动。在ONOO〜-浓度超过0.1 mM且接近中性pH时,发生歧化成NO _2〜-和O _2;这种歧化对于过氧酸是典型的。对于有机底物的氧化和硝化,我们赞成一种机制,该机制涉及在要氧化或硝化的化合物与ONOOH之间初步形成加合物。

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