BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prophylaxis may be given to prevent a surgical wound infection, infective endocarditis (IE), or infection of a prosthetic joint, but its use before cutaneous surgery is controversial. Our aim was to review the current literature and provide a mnemonic to assist providers in appropriately prescribing prophylactic antibiotics. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We reviewed the current literature, including the new guidelines provided by the American Heart Association (AHA). RESULTS: The new AHA guidelines recommend prophylaxis for patients with high risk of an adverse outcome from IE instead of high risk of developing IE. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and the American Dental Association also provide guidelines. Given the paucity of conclusive studies, prophylaxis against a surgical wound infection is based more on clinical judgment. CONCLUSION: The mnemonic we propose, "I PREVENT," represents: Immunosuppressed patients; patients with a Prosthetic valve; some patients with a joint Replacement; a history of infective Endocarditis; a Valvulopathy in cardiac transplant recipients; Endocrine disorders such as uncontrolled diabetes mellitus; Neonatal disorders including unrepaired cyanotic heart disorders (CHDs), repaired CHD with prosthetic material, or repaired CHD with residual defects; and the Tetrad of antibiotics: amoxicillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin.
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机译：背景与目的：可以采取预防措施来预防手术伤口感染，感染性心内膜炎（IE）或假体关节感染，但在皮肤手术前使用它的方法引起争议。我们的目的是回顾当前文献并提供助记符，以帮助提供者正确地开预防性用药。方法和材料：我们回顾了当前的文献，包括美国心脏协会（AHA）提供的新指南。结果：新的AHA指南建议对患有IE不良后果的高风险而不是发生IE的高风险的患者进行预防。美国骨科医师学会和美国牙科协会也提供了指南。鉴于缺乏结论性研究，对外科伤口感染的预防更多地基于临床判断。结论：我们提议的助记符“ I PREVENT”代表：免疫抑制的患者;人工瓣膜患者;一些关节置换患者;感染性心内膜炎的病史;心脏移植受者的瓣膜病;内分泌失调，例如不受控制的糖尿病;新生儿疾病，包括未修复的紫otic性心脏疾病（CHD），使用修复材料修复的CHD或具有残留缺陷的修复的CHD;和抗生素四联症：阿莫西林，头孢氨苄，克林霉素和环丙沙星。
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