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首页> 外文期刊>Development >XMeis3 protein activity is required for proper hindbrain patterning in Xenopus laevis embryos.
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XMeis3 protein activity is required for proper hindbrain patterning in Xenopus laevis embryos.

机译:XMeis3蛋白活性是非洲爪蟾胚胎中正确的后脑模式所必需的。

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摘要

Meis-family homeobox proteins have been shown to regulate cell fate specification in vertebrate and invertebrate embryos. Ectopic expression of RNA encoding the Xenopus Meis3 (XMeis3) protein caused anterior neural truncations with a concomitant expansion of hindbrain and spinal cord markers in Xenopus embryos. In naive animal cap explants, XMeis3 activated expression of posterior neural markers in the absence of pan-neural markers. Supporting its role as a neural caudalizer, XMeis3 is expressed in the hindbrain and spinal cord. We show that XMeis3 acts like a transcriptional activator, and its caudalizing effects can be mimicked by injecting RNA encoding a VP16-XMeis3 fusion protein. To address the role of endogenous XMeis3 protein in neural patterning, XMeis3 activity was antagonized by injecting RNA encoding an Engrailed-XMeis3 antimorph fusion protein or XMeis3 antisense morpholino oligonucleotides. In these embryos, anterior neural structures were expanded and posterior neural tissues from the midbrain-hindbrain junction through the hindbrain were perturbed. In neuralized animal cap explants, XMeis3-antimorph protein modified caudalization by basic fibroblast growth factor and Wnt3a. XMeis3-antimorph protein did not inhibit caudalization per se, but re-directed posterior neural marker expression to more anterior levels; it reduced expression of spinal cord and hindbrain markers, yet increased expression of the more rostral En2 marker. These results provide evidence that XMeis3 protein in the hindbrain is required to modify anterior neural-inducing activity, thus, enabling the transformation of these cells to posterior fates.
机译:Meis家族的同源盒蛋白已被证明可以调节脊椎动物和无脊椎动物胚胎中的细胞命运。编码非洲爪蟾Meis3(XMeis3)蛋白的RNA的异位表达导致非洲爪蟾胚胎的前神经截断,并伴有后脑和脊髓标志物的扩增。在幼稚的动物帽外植体中,在没有泛神经标记的情况下,XMeis3激活了后神经标记的表达。 XMeis3在后脑和脊髓中表达,以支持其作为神经尾巴化器的作用。我们表明,XMeis3的行为就像一个转录激活因子,其尾部效应可以通过注入编码VP16-XMeis3融合蛋白的RNA来模仿。为了解决内源性XMeis3蛋白在神经模式中的作用,通过注入编码Engrailed-XMeis3反形态融合蛋白或XMeis3反义吗啉代寡核苷酸的RNA来拮抗XMeis3活性。在这些胚胎中,前神经结构被扩张,从中脑-后脑交界处到后脑的后神经组织受到干扰。在神经化的动物帽外植体中,XMeis3-antimorph蛋白通过碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和Wnt3a修饰了钙化作用。 XMeis3-antimorph蛋白本身不抑制刺激,但将后神经标记物的表达重新定向到更靠前的水平。它降低了脊髓和后脑标志物的表达,但增加了鸟嘴状En2标志物的表达。这些结果提供了证据,证明后脑中的XMeis3蛋白需要修饰前神经诱导活性,从而使这些细胞转化为后命运。

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