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首页> 外文期刊>Development >Kruppel is a gap gene in the intermediate germband insect Oncopeltus fasciatus and is required for development of both blastoderm and germband-derived segments.
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Kruppel is a gap gene in the intermediate germband insect Oncopeltus fasciatus and is required for development of both blastoderm and germband-derived segments.

机译：Kruppel是中间种带昆虫Oncopeltus fasciatus中的空缺基因，是发育胚盘和种带衍生区段的必需基因。

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Segmentation in long germband insects such as Drosophila occurs essentially simultaneously across the entire body. A cascade of segmentation genes patterns the embryo along its anterior-posterior axis via subdivision of the blastoderm. This is in contrast to short and intermediate germband modes of segmentation where the anterior segments are formed during the blastoderm stage and the remaining posterior segments arise at later stages from a posterior growth zone. The biphasic character of segment generation in short and intermediate germ insects implies that different formative mechanisms may be operating in blastoderm-derived and germband-derived segments. In Drosophila, the gap gene Kruppel is required for proper formation of the central portion of the embryo. This domain of Kruppel activity in Drosophila corresponds to a region that in short and intermediate germband insects spans both blastoderm and germband-derived segments. We have cloned the Kruppel homolog from the milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus (Hemiptera, Lygaeidae), an intermediate germband insect. We find that Oncopeltus Kruppel is expressed in a gap-like domain in the thorax during the blastoderm and germband stages of embryogenesis. In order to investigate the function of Kruppel in Oncopeltus segmentation, we generated knockdown phenotypes using RNAi. Loss of Kruppel activity in Oncopeltus results in a large gap phenotype, with loss of the mesothoracic through fourth abdominal segments. Additionally, we find that Kruppel is required to suppress both anterior and posterior Hox gene expression in the central portion of the germband. Our results show that Kruppel is required for both blastoderm-derived and germband-derived segments and indicate that Kruppel function is largely conserved in Oncopeltus and Drosophila despite their divergent embryogenesis.
机译：在长果带昆虫（如果蝇）中的分割基本上在整个身体中同时发生。分割基因的级联通过胚盘的细分沿其前后轴排列胚胎。这与分段的短和中间种带模式相反，分段的前段和中间段在胚盘期形成，前段形成在后胚层，后段出现在后生长区。短和中等生殖昆虫中节段产生的两相特征表明，不同的形成机制可能在源自胚盘和节段的节段中起作用。在果蝇中，缺口基因Kruppel是正确形成胚胎中央部分所必需的。果蝇中Kruppel活性的这一域对应于一个区域，该区域在短而中等的种带昆虫中跨越了胚盘和种带衍生的片段。我们从乳草臭虫Oncopeltus fasciatus（半翅目，蝇科）中克隆了Kruppel同源物。我们发现Oncopeltus Kruppel在胚芽的胚盘和胚带阶段在胸部的间隙样结构域表达。为了研究Kruppel在Oncopeltus分割中的功能，我们使用RNAi产生了敲低表型。 Oncopeltus中Kruppel活性的丧失导致大的间隙表型，中胸到第四腹部节段的丧失。此外，我们发现需要Kruppel来抑制种带中心部分的前后Hox基因表达。我们的结果表明，胚盘来源和胚带来源的片段都需要Kruppel，并且表明Kruppel功能在Oncopeltus和Drosophila中基本保持保守，尽管它们的胚胎发生过程不同。

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