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首页> 外文期刊>Developmental dynamics: an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists >Erasure of the paternal transcription program during spermiogenesis: the first step in the reprogramming of sperm chromatin for zygotic development.
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Erasure of the paternal transcription program during spermiogenesis: the first step in the reprogramming of sperm chromatin for zygotic development.

机译：在精子发生过程中清除父系转录程序：精子染色质重编程用于合子发育的第一步。

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摘要

Male germ cells possess a unique epigenetic program and express a male-specific transcription profile. However, when its chromatin is passed onto the zygote, it expresses an transcription/epigenetic program characteristic of the zygote. The mechanism underlying this reprogramming process is not understood at present. In this study, we show that an extensive range of chromatin factors (CFs), including essential transcription factors and regulators, remodeling factors, histone deacetylases, heterochromatin-binding proteins, and topoisomerases, were removed from chromatin during spermiogenesis. This process will erase the paternal epigenetic program to generate a relatively naive chromatin, which is likely to be essential for installation of the zygotic developmental program after fertilization. We have also showed that transcription termination in male germ cells was temporally correlated with CF dissociation. A genome-wide CF dissociation will inevitably disassemble the transcription apparatus and regulatory mechanism and lead to transcription silence. Based on data presented in this and previous studies (Sun et al., Cell Research [2007] 17:117-134), we propose that paternal-zygotic transcription reprogramming begins with a genome-wide CF dissociation to erase the existing transcription program in later stages of spermatogenesis. This will be followed by assembling of the zygotic equivalent after fertilization. The transcription/epigenetic program of the male germ cell is transformed into a zygotic one using an erase-and-rebuild strategy similar to that used in the maternal-zygotic transition. It is also noted that transcription is terminated long after meiosis is completed and before chromatin becomes highly condensed during spermatogenesis. The temporal order of these events suggests that transcription silence does not have to be coupled to meiosis or chromatin condensation.
机译：雄性生殖细胞拥有独特的表观遗传程序，并表达雄性特异性转录谱。但是，当其染色质传递到合子上时，它表达了合子特有的转录/表观程序。目前尚不了解此重新编程过程的基础机制。在这项研究中，我们表明，在精子发生过程中，从染色质中去除了广泛的染色质因子（CFs），包括必需的转录因子和调节剂，重塑因子，组蛋白脱乙酰基酶，异染色质结合蛋白和拓扑异构酶。此过程将删除父系表观遗传程序，以生成相对幼稚的染色质，这对于受精后安装合子发育程序可能是必不可少的。我们还表明，雄性生殖细胞中的转录终止与CF的解离暂时相关。全基因组的CF离解将不可避免地分解转录装置和调节机制，并导致转录沉默。基于本研究和先前研究（Sun等人，Cell Research [2007] 17：117-134）中提供的数据，我们提出父本-合子转录重编程始于全基因组CF解离，以消除现有的转录程序。精子发生的后期。这将在受精后组装合子等效物。雄性生殖细胞的转录/表观遗传程序使用类似于母体-合子转换的擦除和重建策略转化为合子。还应注意的是，转录在减数分裂完成后很长一段时间内终止，而在精子发生过程中染色质高度浓缩之前就终止了转录。这些事件的时间顺序表明，转录沉默不必与减数分裂或染色质浓缩相关。

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