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首页> 外文期刊>Disability and rehabilitation. >Closing the gap: training for healthcare workers and people with disabilities on the interrelationship of HIV and disability
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Closing the gap: training for healthcare workers and people with disabilities on the interrelationship of HIV and disability

机译：缩小差距：为医护人员和残疾人提供有关艾滋病毒和残疾之间相互关系的培训

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Background: HIV and disability are interrelated providing a double burden to HIV endemic countries in East and Southern Africa and their already fragile health systems. Although literature reveals that people with disabilities are particularly vulnerable to HIV and that HIV, its opportunistic infections and treatments can cause disability, only few interventions target this issue and none have been evaluated in this region. Methods: Formative evaluation was undertaken with regard to the effectiveness of a workshop-based intervention for healthcare workers and people with disabilities on the intersection of disability and HIV in order to inform the further development of this intervention. The formative evaluation assessed participants' perception of the inclusion of disability in HIV services and of opportunities to initiate change after the workshops. It also captured their experiences in utilising knowledge and skills after the workshops using quantitative (short checklist and ranking exercise) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) methods of inquiry. Frequencies and conventional content analysis were used in the analysis of the data. This study presents an example of applied research conducted under real-world conditions. Results: 60 healthcare workers and people with disabilities took part in this pilot workshop training and participated in the formative evaluation. Healthcare workers and people with disabilities alike identified various barriers to access health services. Reasonable accommodation was perceived as being mainly absent by most participants, while some participants indicated a lack of physical accessibility in the form of universal design. Participants also identified a lack of integration of services and disability-related skills within the healthcare staff. Participants reported a number of enablers, success and challenges while implementing the knowledge from the workshops related to structural issues, service provision and integration. While participants worked on health workers' attitudes and accessibility of services, screening and referrals practice was not improved through the workshops. Conclusions: Formative evaluation indicates that the workshops can be effective not only in sensitising healthcare workers and people with disabilities to opportunities to improve services for people with disabilities but also to provide knowledge and skills to initiate improvements. Skills that need more practical training (e.g. screening for disability) need to be trained in more detail, and this will inform the adaptation of the workshops. However, the workshop evaluation also revealed that without policy implementation and budget allocations this change would only be limited.
机译：背景：艾滋病毒和残疾是相互关联的，这给东部和南部非洲的艾滋病毒流行国家及其已经脆弱的卫生系统带来了双重负担。尽管文献表明，残疾人特别容易感染艾滋病毒，并且艾滋病毒，其机会性感染和治疗可能导致残疾，但针对该问题的干预措施很少，该地区也没有进行任何评估。方法：就基于研讨会的针对医护人员和残疾人在残疾与艾滋病毒交叉方面的干预措施的有效性进行了形成性评估，以便为该干预措施的进一步发展提供信息。形成性评估评估了参与者对艾滋病服务中是否包含残疾以及研讨会之后发起变革的机会的看法。讲习班结束后，会议还利用定量（简短清单和排名练习）和定性（半结构化访谈）调查方法，记录了他们利用知识和技能的经验。频率和常规内容分析用于数据分析。本研究提供了在实际条件下进行的应用研究的示例。结果：60名医护人员和残疾人参加了这次试点研讨会培训，并参加了形成性评估。医护人员和残疾人都发现了获得医疗服务的各种障碍。大多数参与者认为主要缺乏合理的住所，而一些参与者则表示缺乏通用设计形式的身体可及性。参加者还发现医护人员缺乏服务和残疾相关技能的整合。与会者报告了在实施讲习班中与结构性问题，服务提供和集成有关的知识的过程中的一些促成因素，成功和挑战。虽然参加者研究了卫生工作者的态度和服务的可及性，但研讨会并未改善筛查和转诊的方式。结论：形成性评估表明，这些研讨会不仅可以有效地使医护人员和残疾人意识到改善残疾人服务的机会，而且还可以提供知识和技能来进行改善。需要更多实际培训（例如，筛查残疾）的技能需要进行更详细的培训，这将为适应研讨会提供信息。但是，讲习班评估还表明，如果没有政策实施和预算分配，这种变化将是有限的。

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