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Anticonvulsant drugs in the treatment of substance withdrawal.

机译：抗惊厥药可用于戒断药物的治疗。

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Although detoxification cannot, in itself, be considered a treatment for addiction, it is one of the most pivotal phases. In order to facilitate entry into recovery and/or rehabilitation programs, a detoxification treatment has to be experienced as easy and safe by the patient. In consideration of the many inconveniences related to standard withdrawal treatments, there is an interest in developing alternative pharmacological strategies. The main rationales for using anticonvulsants in substance-abuse patients are their lack of addiction potential, evidence support a role of kindling mechanisms in withdrawal syndromes and their efficacy in comorbid psychiatric disorders. The available data currently support the utilization of carbamazepine as a treatment for detoxification from benzodiazepines, alcohol and opiates, and as a useful agent to reduce cocaine consumption. The use of valproate is well corroborated for alcohol detoxification and it seems to be a promising treatment for the reduction of cocaineuse; however, it has been found to be ineffective against benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms. Some preliminary data suggest that lamotrigine could be useful in opiate and cocaine dependence. Gabapentin shows potential as a treatment for cocaine dependence, and some case reports have stimulated interest in this agent for alcohol and benzodiazepine detoxification. Due to its particular pharmacological profile, topiramate is one of the most interesting newer anticonvulsants. It has been found to be efficacious in opiate and possibly benzodiazepine detoxification and also has theoretical potential as a preventive therapy.
机译：尽管排毒本身不能被认为是成瘾的治疗方法，但这是最关键的阶段之一。为了促进进入恢复和/或康复程序，患者必须经历既简单又安全的排毒治疗。考虑到与标准戒断治疗有关的许多不便，因此有兴趣开发替代药理策略。在药物滥用患者中使用抗惊厥药的主要理由是缺乏成瘾潜力，证据支持点燃机制在戒断综合症中的作用及其在合并症中的疗效。目前可获得的数据支持使用卡马西平作为苯二氮卓，酒精和鸦片的解毒剂，并作为减少可卡因消费的有用药物。丙戊酸用于酒精排毒已得到充分证实，这似乎是减少可卡因使用的一种有前途的治疗方法。然而，已发现它对苯二氮卓戒断症状无效。一些初步数据表明，拉莫三嗪可用于鸦片和可卡因依赖。加巴喷丁显示出可卡因依赖性治疗的潜力，一些病例报道激发了该药对酒精和苯二氮卓排毒的兴趣。由于其特殊的药理作用，托吡酯是最有趣的新型抗惊厥药之一。已经发现它在鸦片和可能的苯二氮卓类排毒中有效，并且具有作为预防疗法的理论潜力。

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