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首页> 外文期刊>Drug and alcohol review >Mechanisms of change in control group drinking in clinical trials of brief alcohol intervention: implications for bias toward the null.
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Mechanisms of change in control group drinking in clinical trials of brief alcohol intervention: implications for bias toward the null.

机译：短暂酒精干预的临床试验中对照组饮酒变化的机制：对无效饮食的影响。

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ISSUES: Reductions in control group consumption over time that are possibly related to research design affect the impact of brief alcohol interventions (BAI) in clinical settings. APPROACH: We conducted a systematic review to identify research design factors that may contribute to control group change, strategies to limit these effects and implications for researchers. Studies with control group n > 30 were selected if they published baseline and outcome consumption data, conducted trials in clinical settings in Anglophone countries and did not censor gender or age. KEY FINDINGS: Among 38 studies cited in 20 reviews through October 2009, 16 met criteria (n = 31-370). In 54%, controls received alcohol specific handouts, advice and/or referral. Both the number and depth of assessments were highly variable. The percentage change in consumption ranged from-0.10 to-0.84 (mean-0.32), and effect size from 0.04 to 0.70 (mean 0.37). Published data were insufficient for meta-analysis. IMPLICATIONS: Researchers should consider strategies to reduce the impact of research design factors, such as procedures to enhance sample diversity, blind subjects to study purpose to limit social desirability bias, reduce the number and depth of instruments (assessment reactivity), and finally, analytic techniques to decrease the impact of outliers and regression to the mean. CONCLUSIONS: This review identifies problems with retrospective analysis of predictors of control group change, and underscores the need to design prospective studies to permit identification, quantification and adjustment for potential sources of bias in BAI trials.
机译：问题：随时间推移而减少的对照组消费可能与研究设计有关，这会影响短暂酒精干预（BAI）在临床环境中的影响。方法：我们进行了系统的审查，以确定可能导致对照组变更的研究设计因素，限制这些影响和对研究人员的影响的策略。如果n> 30的对照组的研究发表了基线和结局消耗数据，在英语国家的临床环境中进行了试验且未审查性别或年龄，则选择该研究。主要发现：截止到2009年10月，在20篇评论中引用的38项研究中，有16项符合标准（n = 31-370）。在54％的对照组中，接受了酒精特定的讲义，建议和/或推荐。评估的数量和深度都是高度可变的。消费的百分比变化范围是从0.10到0.84（平均0.32），效果大小从0.04到0.70（平均0.37）。发布的数据不足以进行荟萃分析。含义：研究人员应考虑减少研究设计因素影响的策略，例如提高样本多样性的程序，盲目的研究对象以限制社会期望偏差，减少工具的数量和深度（评估反应性），最后进行分析减少离群值和回归均值影响的技术。结论：本评价通过对对照组变化预测因素的回顾性分析确定了问题，并强调需要设计前瞻性研究以识别，量化和调整BAI试验中潜在的偏倚来源。

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