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首页> 外文期刊>Drugs and aging >Pharmacology and therapeutic effects of dehydroepiandrosterone in older subjects.
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Pharmacology and therapeutic effects of dehydroepiandrosterone in older subjects.

机译：脱氢表雄酮在老年受试者中的药理作用和治疗作用。

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Man and higher primates have adrenals that secrete large amounts of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) [prasterone] and its sulphate (DHEAS) [PB 008]. A remarkable feature of plasma DHEAS levels in humans is their great decrease with aging. Researchers have postulated that this age-related decline of DHEAS levels may explain some of the degenerative changes associated with aging. Moreover, administration of DHEA to laboratory animals has demonstrable beneficial effects such as prevention of diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, heart disease and positive immunomodulator effects. However, in rodents DHEA(S) circulating levels are so low that it is impossible to detect any significant age-related decrease. Therefore results from rodent experiments are not relevant to human beings.Three mechanisms of action of DHEA(S) have been identified. DHEA and DHEAS are precursors of testosterone and estradiol, DHEAS is a neurosteroid which modulates neuronal excitability via specific interactions with neurotransmitter receptors and DHEA is an activator of calcium-gated potassium channels.Randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trials which included healthy individuals aged 60 years and over treated with (near) physiological doses of DHEA (50-100 mg/day) have yielded very few positive results. Impact of DHEA replacement treatment was assessed on mood, well being, cognitive and sexual functions, bone mass, body composition, vascular risk factors, immune functions and skin. The major limitations of these trials were their short duration (maximum 1 year) and the low number of study participants involved (maximum 280).Many elderly people in western countries take DHEA without medical supervision. In the US, DHEA is even classified as food supplement. At present there is no scientific evidence to recommend DHEA replacement in the elderly. Further studies are needed to form conclusions about the efficacy and the safety of DHEA replacement in elderly, and to better understand the mechanisms of action of DHEA at the molecular and cellular levels.
机译：人和更高的灵长类动物的肾上腺分泌大量的脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）[prasterone]及其硫酸盐（DHEAS）[PB 008]。人体血浆DHEAS水平的显着特征是随着年龄的增长，血浆DHEAS含量会大大降低。研究人员推测，与年龄相关的DHEAS水平下降可能解释了与衰老相关的一些退化性变化。而且，将DHEA施用于实验动物具有明显的有益效果，例如预防糖尿病，肥胖，癌症，心脏病和免疫调节剂的阳性作用。但是，在啮齿动物中，DHEA（S）的循环水平非常低，以致于无法检测到任何与年龄相关的显着下降。因此，啮齿动物实验的结果与人类无关。DHEA（S）的三种作用机理已被确定。 DHEA和DHEAS是睾丸激素和雌二醇的前体，DHEAS是通过与神经递质受体的特异性相互作用调节神经元兴奋性的神经甾体，DHEA是钙门控钾离子通道的激活剂。随机，安慰剂对照的临床试验包括60岁的健康个体并用（近）生理剂量的DHEA（50-100 mg /天）过度治疗，几乎没有产生阳性结果。评估了脱氢表雄酮替代疗法对情绪，幸福感，认知和性功能，骨量，身体组成，血管危险因素，免疫功能和皮肤的影响。这些试验的主要局限性是持续时间短（最长1年）和参与研究的人数少（最大280人）。西方国家的许多老年人在没有医疗监督的情况下接受DHEA。在美国，DHEA甚至被列为食品补充剂。目前，尚无科学证据可建议老年人替代DHEA。需要进行进一步的研究以得出关于老年人中脱氢表雄酮替代品的疗效和安全性的结论，并更好地了解脱氢表雄酮在分子和细胞水平上的作用机理。

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