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首页> 外文期刊>JAIDS: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes >Risk factors for HIV infection in a national adult population: evidence from the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey.
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Risk factors for HIV infection in a national adult population: evidence from the 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey.

机译：全国成年人口感染艾滋病毒的危险因素：2003年肯尼亚人口与健康调查的证据。

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OBJECTIVE: To study demographic, social, behavioral, and biological variables as risk factors for HIV infection among men and women in Kenya. METHODS: Data from the cross-sectional, population-based 2003 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey were used. During the course of survey fieldwork, 3,273 women aged 15 to 49 years and 2,941 men aged 15 to 54 years gave consent to have a few drops of blood taken for anonymous testing. HIV serostatus data for men and women were analyzed for their relationships to key characteristics using bivariate and multivariate techniques to determine factors associated with being HIV-positive. RESULTS: National HIV prevalence in Kenya was found to be 6.7%. In the analysis of the study sample, uncircumcised men were 4 times more likely to be HIV-positive than those who were not. Compared with nonpolygynously married women, widowed women (odds ratio [OR] = 10.9), divorced women (OR 2.3), and women who were 1 of 3 or more wives (OR higher risk for being HIV-positive. Both men andwomen from Nyanza province were at a significantly higher risk for infection with HIV (OR = 2.9 and 2.3, respectively) than were the men and women from Nairobi. Men aged 35 to 44 years had the highest risk of being HIV-positive, whereas the ages of highest risk for women were 25 to 29 years. Increased wealth was positively related to risk for HIV: the wealthiest women were 2.6 times more likely than the poorest women to be HIV-positive. A key finding was that both men and women who considered themselves to be at low risk for contracting HIV were, in fact, the most likely to be HIV-positive. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates that HIV is a multidimensional epidemic, with demographic, residential, social, biological, and behavioral factors all exerting influence on individual probability of becoming infected with HIV. Although all of these factors contribute to the risk profile for a given individual, the results suggest that differences in biological factors such as circumcision and sexually transmitted infections may be more important in assessing risk for HIV than differences in sexual behavior.
机译：目的：研究人口，社会，行为和生物学变量，作为肯尼亚男性和女性感染艾滋病毒的危险因素。方法：该数据来自于以人口为基础的横断面2003肯尼亚人口与健康调查。在调查实地调查的过程中，有3,273名15至49岁的女性和2,941名15至54岁的男性同意接受几滴血液进行匿名检测。使用双变量和多变量技术分析了男性和女性的HIV血清状况数据与关键特征的关系，以确定与HIV阳性相关的因素。结果：肯尼亚的全国HIV患病率为6.7％。在对研究样本的分析中，未割包皮的男性艾滋病毒阳性的可能性是未割包皮的男性的4倍。与非一夫多妻制的女性相比，丧偶妇女（优势比[OR] = 10.9），离婚妇女（OR 2.3）和三名或三名以上妻子中的一名妇女（或HIV阳性的风险更高。来自Nyanza的男性和女性）与内罗毕的男性和女性相比，该省的艾滋病毒感染风险显着较高（分别为2.9和2.3），年龄在35至44岁之间的男性感染艾滋病毒的风险最高，而年龄最高的年龄女性的风险为25至29岁，财富增加与艾滋病毒的风险呈正相关：最富有的女性患艾滋病毒的可能性是最贫穷的女性的2.6倍。结论：此分析表明，艾滋病毒是一种多层面的流行病，人口，居住，社会，生物学和行为因素均对个体产生影响，因此，艾滋病毒感染的风险很低。概率被艾滋病毒感染的能力。尽管所有这些因素都会影响特定个体的风险状况，但结果表明，包皮环切术和性传播感染等生物学因素的差异可能比性行为差异更重要，以评估艾滋病毒的风险。

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