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首页> 外文期刊>Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters >Specific inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin reductase as potential antimalarial agents.
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Specific inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin reductase as potential antimalarial agents.

机译:恶性疟原虫硫氧还蛋白还原酶的特定抑制剂可作为潜在的抗疟药。

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Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin reductase (PfTrxR: NADPH+Trx(S)2+H+<-->NADP++Trx(SH)2) is a high Mr flavin-dependent TrxR that reduces thioredoxin (Trx) via a CysXXXXCys pair located penultimately to the C-terminal Gly. In this respect, PfTrxR differs significantly from its human counterpart which bears a Cys-Sec redox pair at the same position. PfTrxR is essentially involved in antioxidant defense and redox regulation of the parasite and has been previously validated by knock-out studies as a potential drug target for malaria chemotherapy. Moreover, human TrxR is present in most cancer cells at levels tenfold higher than in normal cells. Here we report the discovery of a series of potent inhibitors of PfTrxR. The three most promising inhibitors, 3(IC50(PfTrxR)=2 microM and IC50(hTrxR)=50 microM), 7(IC50(PfTrxR)=2 microM and IC50(hTrxR)=140 microM), and 11(IC50(PfTrxR)=0.5 microM and IC50(hTrxR)=4 microM) were selective for the parasite enzyme. Detailed mechanistic characterization of the effects of these compounds on the PfTrxR-catalyzed reaction showed clear uncompetitive inhibition with respect to both substrate and cofactor. For the most specific PfTrxR inhibitor 7, an alkylation mechanism study based on a thiol conjugation model was performed. Furthermore, all three compounds were active in the lower micromolar range on the chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strain K1 in vitro.
机译:恶性疟原虫硫氧还蛋白还原酶(PfTrxR:NADPH + Trx(S)2 + H +-NADP ++ Trx(SH)2)是一种高Mr黄素依赖性TrxR,可通过倒数第二位的CysXXXXCys对还原硫氧还蛋白(Trx)。 C末端Gly。在这方面,PfTrxR与人类的同伴显着不同,后者在同一位置带有Cys-Sec氧化还原对。 PfTrxR基本上参与了抗寄生虫的抗氧化防御和氧化还原调节,并且先前已通过基因敲除研究验证其为疟疾化疗的潜在药物靶标。此外,大多数癌细胞中人TrxR的水平是正常细胞中的十倍。在这里我们报告发现了一系列有效的PfTrxR抑制剂。三种最有前途的抑制剂3(IC50(PfTrxR)= 2 microM和IC50(hTrxR)= 50 microM),7(IC50(PfTrxR)= 2 microM和IC50(hTrxR)= 140 microM)和11(IC50(PfTrxRR) )= 0.5 microM和IC50(hTrxR)= 4 microM)对寄生虫酶具有选择性。这些化合物对PfTrxR催化反应的作用的详细机理表征表明,对底物和辅因子均存在明显的非竞争性抑制作用。对于最特异的PfTrxR抑制剂7,进行了基于硫醇缀合模型的烷基化机理研究。此外,所有这三种化合物在较低的微摩尔范围内均具有体外抗氯喹恶性疟原虫菌株K1的活性。

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