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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science/Zeitschrift fur acker-und pflanzenbau >Photosynthesis and Remobilization of Dry Matter in Wheat as Affected by Progressive Drought Stress at Stem Elongation Stage
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Photosynthesis and Remobilization of Dry Matter in Wheat as Affected by Progressive Drought Stress at Stem Elongation Stage

机译：茎伸长期干旱胁迫对小麦干物质的光合作用和迁移的影响

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摘要

With increasingly erratic rainfall patterns particularly in drought-prone production systems, the capacity of plants to recover productively from drought spells becomes an important feature for yield stability in rainfed agriculture. Consequently, effects of water management at the stem elongation stage on partitioning and remobilization of dry matter, alteration in photosynthesis and water-use efficiency (WUE), and yield components of wheat plants were studied in a glasshouse pot experiment. The plants were subjected to three soil moisture regimes: well watered during all phenological stages (WW), drought affected during stem elongation and post-anthesis stages (DD) and drought affected during stem elongation and rewatered at post-anthesis stage (DW). Total dry weight substantially decreased by both drought treatments. However, DD plants allocated relatively higher assimilates to roots whereas DW plants remobilized them to the grains. Drought applications resulted in a decrease of grain yield and thousand grain weight while reduction was more pronounced in DD treatment. Relative contribution of post-anthesis photosynthesis to dry matter formation in grain was higher in WW treatment (72.6%) than DD (68.5%) and DW (68.2%) treatments. Photosynthetic rate, gas exchange and transpiration decreased whereas leaf (photosynthetic) and plant level WUE increased with drought applications. However, all these parameters were rapidly and completely reversed by rewatering. Our findings showed that partitioning of dry weight to grain increases with rewatering of wheat plants subjected to drought during stem elongation phase, but the relative contributions of remobilization of stem reserves and post-anthesis photosynthesis to grain did not change. Moreover, rewatering of plants at booting stage after a drought period lead to full recovery in photosynthesis and WUE, and a significant although partial recovery of yield components, such as grain yield, TGW and harvest index.
机译：随着降雨模式越来越不稳定，特别是在干旱多发的生产系统中，植物从干旱中恢复生产的能力已成为雨养农业产量稳定的重要特征。因此，在温室盆栽试验中研究了茎伸长期水分管理对干物质分配和迁移，光合作用和水分利用效率（WUE）改变以及小麦植株产量构成的影响。使植物经受三种土壤水分制度：在所有物候期（WW）期间浇水充足，在茎伸长和花后阶段（DD）期间受干旱影响，在茎伸长期间受干旱影响，并在花后阶段（DW）中重新浇水。两种干旱处理均使总干重显着下降。但是，DD植物将较高的同化物分配给根部，而DW植物将其重新分配给谷物。干旱的施用导致谷物产量和千粒重的降低，而DD处理的降低更为明显。 WW处理（72.6％）的花后后期光合作用对谷物干物质形成的相对贡献高于DD（68.5％）和DW（68.2％）处理。随着干旱的应用，光合速率，气体交换和蒸腾作用降低，而叶片（光合）和植物水平水分利用效率增加。但是，所有这些参数通过补水迅速而完全地反转了。我们的研究结果表明，在茎伸长期，干旱对小麦植株补水后，干重向谷粒的分配增加，但是茎储备的转移和花后光合作用对谷粒的相对贡献没有改变。此外，干旱时期后在孕穗期对植物进行补水可导致光合作用和WUE完全恢复，并且虽然部分恢复了产量成分（例如谷物产量，TGW和收获指数），但仍显着提高。

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