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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Analytical Toxicology >Investigation of fatalities due to acute gasoline poisoning.
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Investigation of fatalities due to acute gasoline poisoning.

机译：调查急性汽油中毒致死人数。

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This paper presents a simple, rapid, reliable, and validated method suited for forensic examination of gasoline in biological samples. The proposed methodology has been applied to the investigation of four fatal cases due to gasoline poisoning that occurred in Spain in 2003 and 2004. Case histories and pathological and toxicological findings are described in order to illustrate the danger of gasoline exposure under several circumstances. Gasoline's tissular distribution, its quantitative toxicological significance, and the possible mechanisms leading to death are also discussed. The toxicological screening and quantitation of gasoline was performed by means of gas chromatography (GC) with flame-ionization detection, and confirmation was performed using GC-mass spectrometry in total ion chromatogram mode. m,p-Xylene peak was selected to estimate gasoline in all biological samples. Gasoline analytical methodology was validated at five concentration levels from 1 to 100 mg/L. The method provided extraction recoveries between 77.6% and 98.3%. The limit of detection was 0.3 mg/L, and the limit of quantitation was 1.0 mg/L. The linearity of the blood calibration curves was excellent with r2 values of > 0.997. Intraday and interday precisions had a coefficient of variation < or = 5.4% in all cases. Cases 1 and 2 consist of the accidental inhalation of gasoline vapor inside a small enclosed space. Case 3 is a death by recreational gasoline inhalation in a male adolescent. Heart blood concentrations were 28.4, 18.0, and 38.3 mg/L, respectively; liver concentrations were 41.4, 52.9, and 124.2 mg/kg, respectively; and lung concentrations were 5.6, 8.4, and 39.3 mg/kg, respectively. Case 4 was an accidental death due to gasoline ingestion of a woman with senile dementia. Peripheral blood concentration was 122.4 mg/L, the highest in our experience. Because pathological findings were consistent with other reports of gasoline intoxication and constituents of gasoline were found in the body, cause of death was attributed to acute gasoline intoxication. As a rule, this kind of poisoning offers little difficulty in diagnosis because there is a history of exposure, and the odor usually clings to the clothes, skin, or gastric contents. However, anatomic autopsy findings will be nonspecific and therefore toxicological analysis is necessary. There is a paucity of recent references regarding analytical and toxicological data, and this article provides evidence about toxic concentrations and is a useful adjunct to the postmortem toxicological interpretation of fatalities if the decedent has been involved in gasoline use.
机译：本文提出了一种简单，快速，可靠且经过验证的方法，适用于对生物样品中的汽油进行法医检验。所提出的方法已用于调查2003年和2004年在西班牙发生的4起因汽油中毒而导致的致命病例。描述了病例历史以及病理和毒理学发现，以说明在几种情况下汽油暴露的危险。还讨论了汽油的组织分布，其定量毒理学意义以及可能导致死亡的机制。汽油的毒理学筛选和定量通过带有火焰电离检测的气相色谱仪（GC）进行，并通过GC-质谱法以总离子色谱模式进行确认。选择m，对二甲苯峰来估算所有生物样品中的汽油。汽油分析方法已在1至100 mg / L的五个浓度水平下得到验证。该方法的萃取回收率在77.6％和98.3％之间。检测限为0.3 mg / L，定量限为1.0 mg / L。血液校准曲线的线性非常好，r2值> 0.997。在所有情况下，日内和日间精度的变异系数均小于或等于5.4％。情况1和2包括在狭窄的密闭空间内意外吸入汽油蒸气。案例3是在男性青少年中通过休闲性汽油吸入导致的死亡。心脏血药浓度分别为28.4、18.0和38.3 mg / L;肝脏浓度分别为41.4、52.9和124.2 mg / kg;和肺部浓度分别为5.6、8.4和39.3 mg / kg。案例4是由于汽油摄入一名老年痴呆症妇女而导致的意外死亡。外周血浓度为122.4 mg / L，是我们经验中最高的。由于病理结果与其他有关汽油中毒的报道一致，并且在体内发现了汽油的成分，因此死亡原因归因于急性汽油中毒。通常，由于存在中毒史，这种中毒的诊断难度不大，而且气味通常会粘在衣服，皮肤或胃中。然而，解剖尸检结果将是非特异性的，因此毒理学分析是必要的。关于分析和毒理学数据的最新参考文献很少，并且本文提供了有关毒物浓度的证据，并且如果死者曾参与汽油使用，则可以对死亡进行事后毒理学解释。

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