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Synthesis and structure of the poly(methyl methacrylate) microlatex

机译：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微胶乳的合成与结构

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Microemulsion polymerization is a new approach for preparing nanosize polymer materials. In this article, a nanosize poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was prepared by a novel microemulsion polymerization. The kinetics of the polymerization and the effects of the temperature, the monomer, and emulsifier/water ratio on the polymerization were investigated by means of the conversion, the transmittance, and the refractive index measurements. The structure of the obtained PMMA microlatex was studied through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1-NMR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the polymerization exhibits typical kinetic characteristics of a microemulsion polymerization, i.e., there only exists two rate stages: a stage of increasing rate, and a stage of decreasing rate, and no constant rate stage is observed during the polymerization. The obtained PMMA microparticles are very uniform, regular, and small, being about 17-33 nm in the number-average diameter. The polymer has higher molecular weight (1.71 X 10(6) viscosity average molecular weight), higher tacticity (51% syndiotacticity), and higher glass transition temperature (127degreesC), much different from the commercial PMMA. Experimentally, a stable and transparent PMMA microlatex with higher polymer content (30-40 wt %), lower weight ratio of emulsifier to water (EfW less than or equal to 0.03) and emulsifier to monomer (E/M less than or equal to 0.05) as well as smaller particle size (d(p) < 40 nm), has been prepared, which is very important for the industrialization of the microemulsion polymerization technique. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [References: 15]
机译：微乳液聚合是一种制备纳米级聚合物材料的新方法。在本文中，通过新型微乳液聚合制备了纳米级聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）。通过转化率，透射率和折射率测量，研究了聚合动力学以及温度，单体和乳化剂/水比例对聚合的影响。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM），核磁共振（H-1-NMR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了所得PMMA微胶乳的结构。结果表明，聚合反应表现出微乳液聚合反应的典型动力学特征，即，仅存在两个速率阶段：速率增加阶段和速率降低阶段，并且在聚合过程中未观察到恒定速率阶段。所得的PMMA微粒非常均匀，规则且小，其数均直径为约17-33nm。该聚合物具有较高的分子量（1.71 X 10（6）粘均分子量），较高的立构规整度（51％间同立构规整度）和较高的玻璃化转变温度（127℃），与商业化的PMMA截然不同。在实验上，稳定透明的PMMA微胶乳具有较高的聚合物含量（30-40 wt％），较低的乳化剂与水的重量比（EfW小于或等于0.03）和乳化剂与单体的重量比（E / M小于或等于0.05） ）以及较小的粒径（d（p）<40 nm）已制备，这对于微乳液聚合技术的工业化非常重要。 （C）2002 Wiley Periodicals，Inc. [参考：15]

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