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Feedback specificity, learning opportunities, and learning

机译：反馈的特异性，学习机会和学习

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摘要

Although increasing feedback specificity is generally beneficial for immediate performance, it can undermine certain aspects of the learning needed for later, more independent performance. The results of the present transfer experiment demonstrate that the effects of increasing feedback specificity on learning depended on what was to be learned, and these effects were partially mediated through the opportunities to learn how to respond to different task conditions during practice. More specific feedback was beneficial for learning how to respond to good performance and detrimental for learning how to respond to poor performance. The former relationship was partially mediated by feedback specificity's effect on learning opportunities during practice. The results have implications for designing feedback interventions and training to maximize the learning of various aspects of a task.
机译：尽管提高反馈特异性通常有利于立即执行，但它可能会破坏稍后进行更独立的执行所需的某些学习方面。本转移实验的结果表明，提高反馈特异性对学习的影响取决于要学习的知识，而这些影响是通过学习实践中如何应对不同任务条件的机会而部分介导的。更具体的反馈对于学习如何对良好绩效做出反应是有益的，而对于学习如何对不良绩效做出响应不利。前者的关系部分是由反馈特异性对实践中学习机会的影响所调节的。结果对设计反馈干预和培训以最大程度地学习任务各个方面具有意义。

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