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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Psychology >State-Level Goal Orientations as Mediators of the Relationship Between Time Pressure and Performance: A Longitudinal Study
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State-Level Goal Orientations as Mediators of the Relationship Between Time Pressure and Performance: A Longitudinal Study

机译：作为时间压力与绩效之间关系的调解者的州级目标取向：一项纵向研究

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摘要

Goal orientations-the degree to which individuals are concerned with developing new skills, demonstrating already developed skills, and avoiding appearing foolish or incompetent-have been repeatedly shown to be important individual difference variables for performance across a range of contexts. In the current study, we identified perceptions of time pressure as a predictor of state goal orientations. Specifically, we posited that developing new skills may be conceived of as somewhat of a luxury-that is, mastery-oriented behaviors-are more likely to emerge when one is not under time pressure. On the other hand, when perceptions of time pressure increase, we expected individuals to be less willing to invest in development and instead to adopt more avoidant goals. Support for these predictions was found in a sample of undergraduate statistics students who were followed over the course of a 15-week academic semester. Specifically, perceptions of time pressure were negatively related to state mastery goal orientation and positively related to state performance-avoid goal orientation. Also, state goal orientations mediated the relationship between time pressure and performance. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our results for motivational theory as well as how organizations can use the current results to mitigate the potentially detrimental effects of time pressure on performance.
机译：目标取向-人们关注发展新技能，证明已经发展的技能并避免显得愚蠢或不称职的程度-已被反复证明是个人在各种情况下表现的重要差异变量。在当前的研究中，我们将对时间压力的感知确定为状态目标取向的预测指标。具体来说，我们认为开发新技能可能被认为是一种奢侈，也就是说，在没有时间压力的情况下更有可能出现掌握精通的行为。另一方面，当人们对时间压力的认识增加时，我们期望个人不愿投资于发展，而是采取更多的回避目标。在一个为期15周的学期课程中接受跟踪的大学统计学学生样本中，发现了对这些预测的支持。具体来说，对时间压力的感知与状态掌握目标定向负相关，而与避免状态表现的目标定向正相关。同样，状态目标定向介导了时间压力与绩效之间的关系。最后，我们讨论了结果对动机理论的影响，以及组织如何利用当前结果减轻时间压力对绩效的潜在有害影响。

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