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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Psychology >Why are women penalized for success at male tasks?: The implied communality deficit
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Why are women penalized for success at male tasks?: The implied communality deficit

机译：为什么女性要因男性工作成功而受到惩罚？：隐含的社区赤字

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In 3 experimental studies, the authors tested the idea that penalties women incur for success in traditionally male areas arise from a perceived deficit in nurturing and socially sensitive communal attributes that is implied by their success. The authors therefore expected that providing information of commonality would prevent these penalties. Results indicated that the negativity directed at successful female managers-in ratings of likability, interpersonal hostility, and boss desirability-was mitigated when there was indication that they were communal. This ameliorative effect occurred only when the information was clearly indicative of communal attributes (Study 1) and when it could be unambiguously attributed to the female manager (Study 2); furthermore, these penalties were averted when communality was conveyed by role information (motherhood status) or by behavior (Study 3). These findings support the idea that penalties for women's success in male domains result from the perceived violation of gender-stereotypic prescriptions.
机译：在3个实验研究中，作者测试了这样一种观念，即女性在传统上男性地区获得成功的惩罚源于她们成功所暗示的对养育和社会敏感的公共属性的感知不足。因此，作者期望提供通用信息将防止这些处罚。结果表明，在有共同体的情况下，针对成功女性管理者的消极感（在讨人喜欢，人际关系敌对和上司期望程度方面）得到缓解。仅当信息清楚地表明了公共属性时才发生这种改善效果（研究1），并且可以明确地将其归因于女性管理者（研究2）。此外，当通过角色信息（母亲身份）或行为来传达社区信息时，可以避免这些处罚（研究3）。这些发现支持这样一种观点，即对女性在男性领域中成功的惩罚是由于人们认为违反了性别刻板印象的处方。

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