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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Production, mixing and provenance of Late Bronze Age mixed alkali glasses from northern Italy: an isotopic approach
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Production, mixing and provenance of Late Bronze Age mixed alkali glasses from northern Italy: an isotopic approach

机译：来自意大利北部的青铜时代晚期混合碱玻璃的生产，混合和出处：同位素方法

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摘要

Late Bronze Age glass in Mesopotamia, Egypt and Greece was made from silica and plant ashes. Around 1200 BC in Europe a new glass type appears of a mixed alkali composition. Although the highest concentration of this glass is found at Frattesina in the Veneto, northern Italy there is no absolute proof that it was fused there from raw materials. A variety of possible alkali raw materials have been suggested but there is still no certainty about its identity. The chemical compositions of these mixed alkali glasses are characterised by a series of mixing lines which suggest that raw materials or glasses were mixed. To address these issues we present here the first set of radiogenic isotope (Sr-87/Sr-86 and Nd-143/Nd-144) results for highly coloured samples of 11th century BC raw and waste glass from Frattesina together with new isotopic results for northern Italian silica and plant samples. Although a relatively small number, the isotopic results suggest that primary production of mixed alkali glass occurred in northern Italy. Moreover, it can be suggested that two of the samples were made from a mixture of different glasses, with contrasting isotopic signatures, one probably deriving from northern Italy and the other from a non-local source. This indicates that there were two production centres for mixed-alkali glass. We have shown that Frattesina glasses were made using isotopically distinct raw materials from those used to make the slightly earlier Late Bronze Age Mesopotamian and Egyptian plant ash glasses. Even though we have tested a small number of samples the isotopic results nevertheless provide significant new evidence for these mixed-alkali glasses being the first European glasses. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：美索不达米亚，埃及和希腊的青铜时代晚期玻璃是用二氧化硅和植物灰制成的。在欧洲大约公元前1200年，出现了一种新型的混合碱成分的玻璃。尽管在意大利北部威尼托的弗拉特西纳发现了这种玻璃的最高浓度，但没有绝对证据表明它是从原材料那里熔融的。已经提出了多种可能的碱原料，但仍不能确定其身份。这些混合碱玻璃的化学成分的特征是一系列混合线，表明原料或玻璃已混合。为了解决这些问题，我们在这里展示了第一组放射源同位素（Sr-87 / Sr-86和Nd-143 / Nd-144）的结果，这些结果来自于Frattesina的公元前11世纪原玻璃和废玻璃的高度着色样品，以及新的同位素结果用于意大利北部的二氧化硅和工厂样品。尽管数量相对较少，但同位素结果表明，混合碱玻璃的初级生产发生在意大利北部。此外，可以建议其中两个样品是由具有不同同位素特征的不同玻璃的混合物制成的，一个可能来自意大利北部，另一个可能来自非本地来源。这表明有两个混合碱玻璃生产中心。我们已经证明，Fratetsina玻璃是使用与同位素不同的原材料制成的，而这些原材料则用于制造稍早的青铜时代的美索不达米亚和埃及植物灰玻璃。即使我们已经测试了少量样品，同位素结果仍然为这些混合碱玻璃成为欧洲首批玻璃提供了重要的新证据。 Crown版权所有（C）2014，由Elsevier Ltd.发行。保留所有权利。

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