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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Archaeological Science >Identifying American native and European smelted coppers with pXRF: a case study of artifacts from the Upper Great Lakes region
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Identifying American native and European smelted coppers with pXRF: a case study of artifacts from the Upper Great Lakes region

机译：用pXRF识别美国本土和欧洲冶炼的铜：以上大湖地区文物为例的研究

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In North America, it is critical for archaeologists to differentiate between American native copper and European smelted copper. Indeed, native copper, a rather pure metal, was not smelted in this region, unlike European copper objects that later became available to Native Americans during trading encounters. Until now, archaeologists with a low budget wishing to use a totally non-invasive approach have relied on visual inspection and archaeological contextualization of the objects to distinguish American native copper from European smelted copper. This paper assesses the reliability of portable x-ray fluorescence (pXRF) as a fast, effective, and completely non-destructive method of differentiating the two types of copper present at Northern American sites through a case study of two sites from the Upper Great Lakes region. To establish group attribution with pXRF, results obtained on a subset of objects with LA-ICP-MS are used. Results indicate that for the specific purpose of differentiation between native and European copper types, pXRF can be used reliably, without sample preparation and despite surface corrosion. Therefore, pXRF provides a non-destructive way to clarify European trade item distribution and continuity of native copper object use among Indigenous peoples of North America during the colonial period. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：在北美，考古学家区分美国本地铜和欧洲冶炼铜至关重要。的确，该地区并未冶炼天然铜，一种相当纯净的金属，这与欧洲铜物体不同，后来欧洲铜物体在交易时可供美洲印第安人使用。直到现在，希望使用完全非侵入性方法的预算低廉的考古学家一直依靠目视检查和对物体进行考古背景化来区分美国本地铜和欧洲冶炼铜。本文通过对上大湖区两个地点的案例研究，评估了便携式X射线荧光（pXRF）作为区分北美地点的两种铜的快速，有效且完全无损的方法的可靠性。地区。为了通过pXRF建立组归因，使用了通过LA-ICP-MS在对象子集上获得的结果。结果表明，出于区分天然铜和欧洲铜类型的特定目的，pXRF可以可靠地使用，无需样品制备，尽管存在表面腐蚀。因此，pXRF提供了一种非破坏性的方法，可以用来澄清殖民时期欧洲贸易项目的分布以及北美土著居民中使用天然铜物体的连续性。 （C）2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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